NOYES, John Humphrey (1811-1886):
religious and SOCIAL REFORMER who developed
PERFECTIONIST and ADVENTIST views contrary to CALVINISM. Pronounced himself
"Sinless" in 1834. Established two communes—Putney, Vermont (1840-1848) and
Oneida, New York (1848-1881)—to practice and propagate his ideas of perfectionism,
biblical COMMUNISM, complex marriage, male continence, population control, mutual
criticism, and education. Emigrated in 1876 to Niagara Falls, Ontario. Author of History
of American Socialism (1870).
