 | University of Virginia record February, 1911 |  |
MILLER SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY.
Professor Tuttle.
Adjunct Professor Kepner.
Required for Admission to the Work of the School: The General
Entrance Examination.
The biological sciences are here studied chiefly from a morphological
rather than from a physiological standpoint. Prominence is given to
the histology, and as far as possible to the cytology and to the life-histories
(both ontogenetic and phylogenetic) of the organisms studied,
with a view to the elucidation of the great fundamental laws that underlie
in the phenomena of life. The work of the school is designed to meet
the wants of students who desire such knowledge of either Botany or
Zoölogy (or both), and of the methods of biological study, as may properly
form a part of a liberal education: or of those who desire such training
as will fit them for independent work as students or as teachers in
either of these sciences, or for other vocational work therein; and also of
those who seek such acquaintance with the facts and the underlying principles
of the biological sciences as will prepare them for entrance upon
the study of Medicine, or for an intelligent study of the relations of these
sciences to the art of Agriculture.
Each student who enters upon the work of either of the courses
described below is required to provide himself with a small case of dissecting
instruments, a hand lens, a drawing pencil, and a note-book of
approved pattern. Other necessary pieces of apparatus will be issued
to each student. There is a laboratory fee for materials consumed in
connection with the work of each of the courses. Any student with adequate
preparation may enter either of the undergraduate courses in
Biology at the beginning of any term of the session, and will receive full
credit for such course on completing the work of the remaining term or
terms of the course in question, in the following session.
I. Botany.
Professor Tuttle.
For Undergraduates.
Course 1B: Botany.—In this course a study is first made of the
essential factors of plant structure; this is followed by a brief survey
of the vegetable kingdom, beginning with the algae and ending with the
seed-plants. As each group is discussed in the lectures, as many representative
members as practicable will be studied in the laboratory, including
where possible the important phases of the life-history. The principles
of classification will be considered and illustrated, and as far as
possible applied in connection with the forms studied.
The first term of this course deals largely with the forms of plant life
that are of importance in the management of water supplies, and is
arranged with a view to the needs of students in Sanitary Engineering.
The class is limited for the present to thirty members. Lectures, Monday,
Wednesday, Friday, 12-1. Laboratory, Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, 9-11.
Cabell Hall.
For Graduates and Undergraduates.
Three courses are offered in Plant Morphology, one of which will
be given each session; each course comprises two lectures and two laboratory
periods of three hours each weekly; participation in the weekly biological
if not elected by at least four students. Lectures on Tuesdays and
Thursdays from 1 to 2 p. m.; laboratory periods, Wednesdays and Fridays
from 11 a. m. to 2 p. m. Botany 1B or Zoölogy 1B is prerequisite for entrance
upon either of these courses. The courses offered are as follows.
Course 2C: Thallophytes.—This course will be devoted to the study
of the Fission-Plants: the Green Algae (in the limited sense), the Confervales,
and Charales: the Bacillariales, Brown Algae, and Dictyoltales:
the Red Algae: the various orders of the Fungi, and the Lichens. The
Green Algae will be studied in greatest detail, on account of their morphological
importance as exhibiting a varied and instructive differentiation
of forms from unicellular plants to colonial, coenocytic, and thalloid
plant-bodies; and as the group to which the higher plants are most nearly
allied.
Course 3C: Archegoniates.—The work of this course will comprise
the study of the Liverworts: the Mosses: and the Fern-like Plants. By
far the larger portion of the course will be occupied with the latter, the
anatomy and morphology of the various orders being discussed and studied
at length, together with their relations to the acquisition of the seed-habit.
Course 4C: Spermophytes.—The study of the Seed-Plants will comprise
a discussion and examination of the anatomy, both physiological and
morphological, of the various orders of Gymnosperms and of the two great
divisions of the Angiosperms: and a study of representatives, as far as
possible, of each of the great orders of the latter group: in addition, a few
representative families will be discussed and studied in detail.
II. Zoölogy.
Adjunct Professor Kepner.
For Undergraduates.
Course 1B: Zoölogy.—An introductory course in the morphology and
classification of both invertebrates and vertebrates. The course will be
so conducted as to afford to the student a general survey of the animal
kingdom, and to emphasize the principles involved in the formation of
cel-organs, tissues, and complex organs in the various types of animal
bodies. The class is limited for the present to thirty members. Lectures,
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, 12-1. Laboratory, Monday, Wednesday,
Friday, 9-11. Cabell Hall.
For Graduates and Undergraduates.
Three courses are offered in Animal Morphology, one of which will
be given each session: each course comprises two lectures and two laboratory
periods of three hours each weekly: participation in the weekly
biological seminar is also required. The course for the year may be
and Wednesday from 1 to 2 p. m. Laboratory periods, Tuesday and
Thursday from 11 a. m. to 2 p. m. Botany 1B or Zoölogy 1B is prerequisite
for either of these courses. The courses offered are as follows:
Course 2C: The Lower Invertebrates.—In this course a detailed study
will be made of animals representing various classes and orders of Protozoa,
Coelenterata, Platyhelmia, Nemertini, Nematelminthes, Trochelminthes
and Molluscoida, involving their comparative anatomy, their embryology,
and their affinities. Students will be required to collect the
available material of the vicinity for class work; to make a collection of
histological preparations; and to report at regular intervals upon the
progress of their work.
Course 3C: The Higher Invertebrates.—A similar detailed study,
under similar requirements, of animals, representing various classes and
orders of Echinodermata, Mollusca, Annulata and Arthropoda.
Course 4C: The Vertebrates.—A detailed anatomical and histological
study of animals representing various classes, sub-classes, and orders of
the Chordata. The physiology of the organs of the Chordata will be discussed.
Vertebrate embryology as represented by that of the frog and the
bird will be briefly studied. Students will be required to make collections
of local material for class-room work and to make histological preparations
representing the fundamental tissues of representatives of the group.
III. General Biology.
Professor Tuttle.
Adjunct Professor Kepner.
For Undergraduates.
Term Course in the Principles of Biology.—A course is here offered
which is intended to afford a brief survey of some of the most significant
facts concerning organization, function, and relations of living things:
an insight into the methods of biological study: and as full discussion as
possible of the important fundamental principles deduced from such study
and the important philosophical questions arising therefrom. One lecture
and one laboratory exercise each week throughout the session. This course
may be withdrawn if not elected by at least four students. Hours by
appointment. This course will have a credit value of one-third.
Primarily for Graduates.
Course 5D: Cytology and Comparative Histology: Botany 1B,
Zoölogy 1B, and one of the advanced courses in Plant or Animal Morphology
prerequisite. This course begins with a study of the phenomena of
cell-organization and cell life in both plants and animals: this is followed
by a comparative study of the elements of structure and their embryological
of plant forms: the work of each student is individually assigned in great
measure. It includes practice in the more advanced methods of technic,
and a critical discussion of the microscope and its intelligent use, as means
to the ends in view. It is accompanied by the consideration of the fundamental
laws of General Biology as founded upon cytological study. Hours
by assignment: the number is not limited.
Opportunity will be afforded to individual students for further advanced
work chiefly along the lines of this course.
A biological seminar will be conducted weekly at an hour that will be
assigned at the beginning of the session, participation in which is required
of all students in courses above Botany 1B and Zoölogy 1B.
IV. Biology and Agriculture.
Professor Tuttle.
Adjunct Professor Kepner.
The relations of the biological sciences to Agriculture are so manifold
and the subdivisions of the latter subject so numerous, that it would be
impossible to exhaust the discussion of either in the work of any one
year. Courses consisting in part of lectures and in part of an equivalent
amount of practical work and collateral reading will be offered yearly as
follows:
1B Botany and Agriculture: Botany 1B prerequisite.—In this course
a study will be made of the anatomy and physiology of the higher
plants, especially as related to nutrition and growth; and of the
principles of crop raising as based on the laws of plant life. Professor
Tuttle.
Text-Books.—Stevens' Plant Anatomy; Pierce's Plant Physiology: Vorhee's
Principles of Agriculture.
2B Zoölogy and Agriculture: Zoölogy 1B prerequisite.—In this course
a study will be made of the parasitic Protozoa, Worms, and Arthropods:
the Insects will be considered in their economic relations:
and the anatomy of the domestic animals examined. The relations
of animals to the soil and to plant life will be discussed. Adjunct
Professor Kepner.
Text-Books.—Osborn's Economic Zoölogy; Folsom's Entomology; Smith's
Economic Entomology; Chauveau's Anatomy of the Domestic Animals.
Candidates for a diploma of graduation in Biology and Agriculture
are required to complete the introductory courses in Botany and Zoölogy,
and one advanced course in each, and also the two courses above described.
| University of Virginia record February, 1911 | |