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1. dá'iͅiͅeená 'égodiͅ 'just one more remains'. I cannot explain this form. dá'iͅiͅeená looks like dá-....-ná 'just, only', 'í- 'there', and -ee. 'at' which would mean literally 'just at that place'. 'égodiͅ seems to be the imp. neut. intr. verb 'é...-diͅ 'to be not' with a place subject; thus 'a place is not. But the combination is translated 'there is just one more place' and, in addition, there are the following similar forms: naakin 'égodiͅ 'two more times' [naaki 'two', -n times'], táán 'égodiͅ 'three more times' [táá- 'three'],

2. n'aa- 'over there' plus -yá pp. This is the only occurrence of n'aa-; cf. the demonstrative stem 'aa- [Grammatical Sketch, §3].

3. dlóͅí'prairie dog'. A variant form also occurs: dlóͅye [see passage 3 of the text]. I cannot explain this variation which also occurs in other words; cf., for example, nai, maiye 'coyote.

1. áháánézhiͅ 'to its vicinity, in its vicinity'. áhááné, 3rd person of 'to be close, near' [imp. neut. intr.].

2. ńzaazhiͅ 'to a distance, far away'. ńzaa 'a long way, a distance' [part.].

1. bigogháͅná'a 'their homes [were], it is said'. gogháͅ 'home, wickiup, tipi' [thematic].

2. kóͅóͅhézhiͅ 'for a moment. kóͅóͅhé 'a little, a moment, gently' [part.].

3. bi'áńyá 'to his hole'. bi'áń, 3rd person poss. of 'ii''áń 'hole, den'.

4. 'ánááhałghołgo 'he, running in again and again'. 3rd person prog. of -l-ghee. 'to run, move rapidly with the prefixes 'á- [also heard áh-] 'in, into' and náá- 'again and again'. Cf. the next word, hanááhałghołshíͅ 'from which he was running out again and again', in which ha- 'out' replaces 'á-.

Ma'ishóͅíłbáyé 'gray lizard'. ma'ishóͅí 'lizard may be a compound of ma'i-, possibly related to ma'ye 'coyote', and -shóͅí which is a unique morpheme. -łbáyé is evidently an archaic relative of łbáyé 'he is gray' [3rd person imp. neut.].

1. ń'áń 'that one'. Cf. 'áń 'that one'. See also note 5.1, §2.

2. ch'ídégoda 'in vain' [part.].

1. 'íͅíͅyaͅaͅń 'well then'. Cf. note 3, §1.

2. nzhooshnee should read nzhooshndee 'I'll help you" 1st person imp. with 2nd person obj. of zhoo-|...[si- perf.]-ndee 'to help assist' [act.tr.]. zhoo- is a thematic prefix.

3. hanáánásghogo 'he, having run out again' 3rd person perf. of ha-náá-ná- [si- perf.]-l-ghee 'to run out again' [act. intr.]. ha- 'out', náá- 'again'.

4. 'ii'áhnáánóołghogo 'he, running in again'. 3rd person prog. of 'ii'áh-náá-ná-...[si- perf.]l-ghee 'to run in again' [act. intr.]. 'ii'áh- is a unique prefix; cf. 'ii'áń 'hole' and the prefix 'áh- in, into'.

5. haadí dásí'itisgo beenłtłií 'as fast as you can'. haadí 'whatever' [see Grammatical Sketch, §4]. dásí- 'very', 'itis 'over it, the best. beenłtłií, relative in -í of the 3rd person perf. of Oee-hi-|...[? perf.]-l-tee 'to run, move, walk' [act. intr.]. Literally, the phrase reads: 'whatever is the best [speed] with which you have run'.

6. beenádiyóółyoł 'you are running with it'. bee- 'with, by means of it'; 'it' referring to the phrase analyzed in §5. nádiyóółyoł, 2nd person prog. of ná-di-|...[ni- perf.]-l-ghee 'to run' [act. intr.].

7. nii'á should read ndii'á 'on the ground'. ndii 'ground' plus -yáá pp. Why the -'- appears, I do not know.

8. nóółghałgo 'you, throwing yourself'. 2nd person prog. of ni-...[si- perf.]-l-ghał 'to throw oneself' [mediopas.]. ni- terminative.

9. ts'ííyaa 'immediately, at once' [part.].

ya'jinóógoná'a 'he dashed in, it is said'. 3rd person perf. of ya-'i-ni-...[hi- perf.]-gee 'to run inside, to dash into' [act. intr.]. ya'i- > ya'- 'inside, into'; ni- terminative. It is quite possible that I misheard this form and that ya- should read yá-, an intensifier. 'i- means 'in' and yá'i- would therefore mean 'right in' as the context requires.

1. deek'oshé 'salt'.

2. bitajiłghoná'a, 'he had gone among them, it is said. 3rd person perf. of 0-ta-ni-...[ni- perf.]-l-ghee 'to go among' [act. intr.]. -ta 'among'; ni- completive.

3. nanńt'iná'a 'they were lined up, it is said'. 3rd person perf. of nan-ni- [ni- perf.]-té 'several line up; several get in line' [act. intr.]. nan- 'in a line' [?]; ni- completive.

Preceded by koͅoͅzhiͅ 'to the fire', this phrase means literally: 'they were lined up to the fire, it is said'.

4. 'íłtsé 'here, wait' [exclamation]. Cf. note 1.1, §1.

5. bich'iͅiͅdaanáł'áͅgo 'putting your heads toward it'. bich'iͅiͅ 'toward it'. daanáł'áͅ, 2nd person distrib. of ni-...-l-'áͅ 'to have one's head in position' [mediopas. si- perf. neut.]. ni- terminative plus si- perf., ah- 2nd person dual, and the classifier gives náł-.

6. k'édaadahaał 'look at it'. 2nd person distrib. of k'é-di-...[si- perf.]-ghaał 'look at' [act. tr.]. See note 2.16, §2. di- plus the 2nd person dual pronoun gives dah-; dah- plus - ghaał gives dahaał.

7. dainéł'íͅgo 'as they looked at it'. 3rd person distrib. imp. with 3rd person obj. of né-...[hi- perf.]-ł-'íͅ 'to look at' [act. tr.]. né- ? daa- plus yi- gives dai-.

8. bich'iͅiͅtséjóółkaaná'a 'he threw it toward them into the fire, it is said'. bich'iͅiͅ- 'toward them' plus 3a person perf. of tsé-|...[hi- perf.]-ł-kaa 'to throw several objects into the fire' [act. tr.; tséé-| into the fire']. The theme alone refers to the throwing or forcible propulsion of many objects.

1. bich'iͅiͅdaadeesch'iłná'a 'it exploded toward them, it is said. 3rd person distrib. perf. of di-|...[si- perf.]-ł-ch'iił 'to explode, burst, pop out' [act. intr.]. di- is probably the prefix denoting noise, though here it takes the si- perf. rather than the usual hi- perf. [see note 1.15, §3].The si- perf. and hi- perf. tend to merge in meaning in Chiricahua; in the case of some verbs, either perfective may be used.

2. bił'idaaheesta'ná'a 'it scattered into them, it is said'. bił- 'to them, with them' plus 3rd person distrib. perf. of -'i-hi-...[si- perf.]-tá 'to break and scatter; [fine particles] scatter [as from an explosion]' [act. intr.; 'i- 'away'; hi- ?]. Note that the subject referring to a mass of salt particles takes the distributive number.

3. doodaa'a'íͅda daasilíͅgo 'they, having become blind'. doodaa'a'íͅda 'blind, they cannot see anything'. doo-...-da negative plus 3rd person with indefinite object of -íͅ; 'to see' [prog. neut. tr.]. This form functions as an adverb to daasilíͅ 'they have become'.

4. dá'ázhiͅ 'right away'. dá- 'just, exactly'; 'á- 'there'; -zhiͅ 'to' [pp.].

5. taijiisndiná'a 'he knocked them down, it is said'. 3a person perf. of O-taa-ji-...[si- perf.]-l- ndi 'to knock several down one after another' [act. intr.]. Here, however, the indirect object pronoun is lacking [cf. note 4.9, §3]. tai- > taa-ji; the 3a pronoun ji- becomes -i- before another prefix beginning with dz- or j-.

1. dá'iͅiͅeená 'égodiͅ 'just one more remains'. I cannot explain this form. dá'iͅiͅeená looks like dá-....-ná 'just, only', 'í- 'there', and -ee. 'at' which would mean literally 'just at that place'. 'égodiͅ seems to be the imp. neut. intr. verb 'é...-diͅ 'to be not' with a place subject; thus 'a place is not. But the combination is translated 'there is just one more place' and, in addition, there are the following similar forms: naakin 'égodiͅ 'two more times' [naaki 'two', -n times'], táán 'égodiͅ 'three more times' [táá- 'three'],

2. n'aa- 'over there' plus -yá pp. This is the only occurrence of n'aa-; cf. the demonstrative stem 'aa- [Grammatical Sketch, §3].

3. dlóͅí'prairie dog'. A variant form also occurs: dlóͅye [see passage 3 of the text]. I cannot explain this variation which also occurs in other words; cf., for example, nai, maiye 'coyote.

1. áháánézhiͅ 'to its vicinity, in its vicinity'. áhááné, 3rd person of 'to be close, near' [imp. neut. intr.].

2. ńzaazhiͅ 'to a distance, far away'. ńzaa 'a long way, a distance' [part.].

1. bigogháͅná'a 'their homes [were], it is said'. gogháͅ 'home, wickiup, tipi' [thematic].

2. kóͅóͅhézhiͅ 'for a moment. kóͅóͅhé 'a little, a moment, gently' [part.].

3. bi'áńyá 'to his hole'. bi'áń, 3rd person poss. of 'ii''áń 'hole, den'.

4. 'ánááhałghołgo 'he, running in again and again'. 3rd person prog. of -l-ghee. 'to run, move rapidly with the prefixes 'á- [also heard áh-] 'in, into' and náá- 'again and again'. Cf. the next word, hanááhałghołshíͅ 'from which he was running out again and again', in which ha- 'out' replaces 'á-.

Ma'ishóͅíłbáyé 'gray lizard'. ma'ishóͅí 'lizard may be a compound of ma'i-, possibly related to ma'ye 'coyote', and -shóͅí which is a unique morpheme. -łbáyé is evidently an archaic relative of łbáyé 'he is gray' [3rd person imp. neut.].

1. ń'áń 'that one'. Cf. 'áń 'that one'. See also note 5.1, §2.

2. ch'ídégoda 'in vain' [part.].

1. 'íͅíͅyaͅaͅń 'well then'. Cf. note 3, §1.

2. nzhooshnee should read nzhooshndee 'I'll help you" 1st person imp. with 2nd person obj. of zhoo-|...[si- perf.]-ndee 'to help assist' [act.tr.]. zhoo- is a thematic prefix.

3. hanáánásghogo 'he, having run out again' 3rd person perf. of ha-náá-ná- [si- perf.]-l-ghee 'to run out again' [act. intr.]. ha- 'out', náá- 'again'.

4. 'ii'áhnáánóołghogo 'he, running in again'. 3rd person prog. of 'ii'áh-náá-ná-...[si- perf.]l-ghee 'to run in again' [act. intr.]. 'ii'áh- is a unique prefix; cf. 'ii'áń 'hole' and the prefix 'áh- in, into'.

5. haadí dásí'itisgo beenłtłií 'as fast as you can'. haadí 'whatever' [see Grammatical Sketch, §4]. dásí- 'very', 'itis 'over it, the best. beenłtłií, relative in -í of the 3rd person perf. of Oee-hi-|...[? perf.]-l-tee 'to run, move, walk' [act. intr.]. Literally, the phrase reads: 'whatever is the best [speed] with which you have run'.

6. beenádiyóółyoł 'you are running with it'. bee- 'with, by means of it'; 'it' referring to the phrase analyzed in §5. nádiyóółyoł, 2nd person prog. of ná-di-|...[ni- perf.]-l-ghee 'to run' [act. intr.].

7. nii'á should read ndii'á 'on the ground'. ndii 'ground' plus -yáá pp. Why the -'- appears, I do not know.

8. nóółghałgo 'you, throwing yourself'. 2nd person prog. of ni-...[si- perf.]-l-ghał 'to throw oneself' [mediopas.]. ni- terminative.

9. ts'ííyaa 'immediately, at once' [part.].

ya'jinóógoná'a 'he dashed in, it is said'. 3rd person perf. of ya-'i-ni-...[hi- perf.]-gee 'to run inside, to dash into' [act. intr.]. ya'i- > ya'- 'inside, into'; ni- terminative. It is quite possible that I misheard this form and that ya- should read yá-, an intensifier. 'i- means 'in' and yá'i- would therefore mean 'right in' as the context requires.

1. deek'oshé 'salt'.

2. bitajiłghoná'a, 'he had gone among them, it is said. 3rd person perf. of 0-ta-ni-...[ni- perf.]-l-ghee 'to go among' [act. intr.]. -ta 'among'; ni- completive.

3. nanńt'iná'a 'they were lined up, it is said'. 3rd person perf. of nan-ni- [ni- perf.]-té 'several line up; several get in line' [act. intr.]. nan- 'in a line' [?]; ni- completive.

Preceded by koͅoͅzhiͅ 'to the fire', this phrase means literally: 'they were lined up to the fire, it is said'.

4. 'íłtsé 'here, wait' [exclamation]. Cf. note 1.1, §1.

5. bich'iͅiͅdaanáł'áͅgo 'putting your heads toward it'. bich'iͅiͅ 'toward it'. daanáł'áͅ, 2nd person distrib. of ni-...-l-'áͅ 'to have one's head in position' [mediopas. si- perf. neut.]. ni- terminative plus si- perf., ah- 2nd person dual, and the classifier gives náł-.

6. k'édaadahaał 'look at it'. 2nd person distrib. of k'é-di-...[si- perf.]-ghaał 'look at' [act. tr.]. See note 2.16, §2. di- plus the 2nd person dual pronoun gives dah-; dah- plus - ghaał gives dahaał.

7. dainéł'íͅgo 'as they looked at it'. 3rd person distrib. imp. with 3rd person obj. of né-...[hi- perf.]-ł-'íͅ 'to look at' [act. tr.]. né- ? daa- plus yi- gives dai-.

8. bich'iͅiͅtséjóółkaaná'a 'he threw it toward them into the fire, it is said'. bich'iͅiͅ- 'toward them' plus 3a person perf. of tsé-|...[hi- perf.]-ł-kaa 'to throw several objects into the fire' [act. tr.; tséé-| into the fire']. The theme alone refers to the throwing or forcible propulsion of many objects.

1. bich'iͅiͅdaadeesch'iłná'a 'it exploded toward them, it is said. 3rd person distrib. perf. of di-|...[si- perf.]-ł-ch'iił 'to explode, burst, pop out' [act. intr.]. di- is probably the prefix denoting noise, though here it takes the si- perf. rather than the usual hi- perf. [see note 1.15, §3].The si- perf. and hi- perf. tend to merge in meaning in Chiricahua; in the case of some verbs, either perfective may be used.

2. bił'idaaheesta'ná'a 'it scattered into them, it is said'. bił- 'to them, with them' plus 3rd person distrib. perf. of -'i-hi-...[si- perf.]-tá 'to break and scatter; [fine particles] scatter [as from an explosion]' [act. intr.; 'i- 'away'; hi- ?]. Note that the subject referring to a mass of salt particles takes the distributive number.

3. doodaa'a'íͅda daasilíͅgo 'they, having become blind'. doodaa'a'íͅda 'blind, they cannot see anything'. doo-...-da negative plus 3rd person with indefinite object of -íͅ; 'to see' [prog. neut. tr.]. This form functions as an adverb to daasilíͅ 'they have become'.

4. dá'ázhiͅ 'right away'. dá- 'just, exactly'; 'á- 'there'; -zhiͅ 'to' [pp.].

5. taijiisndiná'a 'he knocked them down, it is said'. 3a person perf. of O-taa-ji-...[si- perf.]-l- ndi 'to knock several down one after another' [act. intr.]. Here, however, the indirect object pronoun is lacking [cf. note 4.9, §3]. tai- > taa-ji; the 3a pronoun ji- becomes -i- before another prefix beginning with dz- or j-.