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University of Virginia Library

Dictionary of the History of Ideas

Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas

Preface to the Electronic Edition

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

NOTE TO THE READER

VI.

ABSTRACTION IN THE FORMATION OF CONCEPTS

V.

ACADEMIC FREEDOM

VI.

I.

VI.

ALIENATION IN CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY

V.

ALIENATION IN HEGELAND MARX

III.

ALLEGORY INLITERARY HISTORY

III.

AMBIGUITY ASAESTHETIC PRINCIPLE

VI.

ANALOGY INEARLY GREEK THOUGHT

VI.

ANALOGY IN PATRISTICAND MEDIEVAL THOUGHT

V.

ANALOGY OF THEBODY POLITIC

V.

III.

ANCIENTS AND MODERNS INTHE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

VII.

ANTHROPOMORPHISMIN SCIENCE

VI.

ANTINOMY OF PURE REASON

VI.

APPEARANCE AND REALITY

III.

III.

ART FOR ART'S SAKE

II.

ASSOCIATION OF IDEAS

I.

I.

ATOMISM: ANTIQUITY TO THESEVENTEENTH CENTURY

I.

ATOMISM IN THESEVENTEENTH CENTURY

V.

VII.

VI.

V.

BALANCE OF POWER

III.

BAROQUE IN LITERATURE

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III.

THEORIES OF BEAUTY TOTHE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY

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I. THE FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS

1. The Objective Existence of Beauty.

2. The Objective Conception of Beauty in Artistic Representation.

3. Other Instances of the Objective Conception of Beauty.

4. The Subjective Approach to Beauty.

II. MODES OF PERCEPTION AND RESPONSE

III.

THEORIES OF BEAUTY SINCETHE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY

II.

I.

BIOLOGICAL CONCEPTIONSIN ANTIQUITY

I.

BIOLOGICAL HOMOLOGIESAND ANALOGIES

I.

BIOLOGICAL MODELS

VI.

VII.

III.

VII.

VII.

CAUSATION IN HISTORY

VII.

CAUSATION INISLAMIC THOUGHT

V.

CAUSATION IN LAW

VI.

CAUSATION IN THESEVENTEENTH CENTURY

VI.

CAUSATION IN THESEVENTEENTH CENTURY, FINAL CAUSES

VI.

CERTAINTY IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY THOUGHT

VI.

CERTAINTY SINCE THESEVENTEENTH CENTURY

VI.

VII.

III.

IV.

CHINA IN WESTERN THOUGHTAND CULTURE

VI.

CHRISTIANITY IN HISTORY

VI.

CHURCH AS ANINSTITUTION

VI.

MODERNISM IN THECHRISTIAN CHURCH

V.

V.

CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

V.

III.

CLASSICISM IN LITERATURE

III.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE ARTS

VII.

CLASSIFICATION OFTHE SCIENCES

III.

SENSE OF THE COMIC

I.

CONSERVATION OFNATURAL RESOURCES

V.

V.

CONSTITUTIONALISM

VII.

CONTINUITY ANDDISCONTINUITY IN NATURE AND KNOWLEDGE

VI.

I.

I.

I.

COSMOLOGY FROMANTIQUITY TO 1850

I.

COSMOLOGY SINCE 1850

VI.

CREATION IN RELIGION

III.

CREATIVITY IN ART

IV.

CRISIS IN HISTORY

III.

LITERARY CRITICISM

IV.

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTIN ANTIQUITY

IV.

CULTURE AND CIVILIZATIONIN MODERN TIMES

IV.

VI.

VI.

DEATH AND IMMORTALITY

VI.

V.

III.

VI.

DESIGN ARGUMENT

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DICTIONARY
OF THE HISTORY
OF IDEAS

DICTIONARY
OF THE HISTORY
OF IDEAS

Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas

PHILIP P. WIENER EDITOR IN CHIEF VOLUME I Abstraction in the Formation of Concepts TO Design Argument Copyright © 1968, 1973 Charles Scribner's Sons The Publishers are grateful for permission to quote from previously published works in the following articles: “Agnosticism” from Language, Truth and Logic, by A. J. Ayer, copyright 1935, by permission of Victor Gollancz Ltd. “Ambiguity as Aesthetic Principle” from Virgil, Aeneid, trans. H. R. Fairclough, Loeb Classical Library, by permission of Harvard University Press from Camoens: The Lusiads, trans. W. C. Atkinson, copyright 1952, by permission of Penguin Books, Ltd. from The Odes of Pindar, trans. Richmond Lattimore, copyright 1947 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. from Richard of Saint Victor, ed. Clare Kirchberger, © 1957, by permission of Harper & Row, Publishers “Catharsis” from The Oxford Translation of Aristotle, trans. W. D. Ross, copyright 1925, by permission of The Clarendon Press, Oxford “Cosmology” from Early Science in Oxford, by R. T. Gunther, copyright 1931, by permission of The Clarendon Press, Oxford THIS BOOK PUBLISHED SIMULTANEOUSLY IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND IN CANADA— COPYRIGHT UNDER THE BERNE CONVENTION ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM WITHOUT THE PERMISSION OF CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-7943 SBN 684-16422-1 (pbk.) Volume I SBN 684-16423-X (pbk.) Volume II SBN 684-16424-8 (pbk.) Volume III SBN 684-16425-6 (pbk.) Volume IV SBN 684-16426-4 (pbk.) Index SBN 684-16418-3 (pbk.) Set