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1Author:  Catlin George 1796-1872Add
 Title:  O-kee-pa, a Religious Ceremony, and Other Customs of the Mandans  
 Published:  2004 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Modern English collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: In a narrative of fourteen years' travels and residence amongst the native tribes of North and South America, entitled `Life amongst the Indians,' and published in London and in Paris, several years since, I gave an account of the tribe of Mandans,—their personal appearance, character, and habits; and briefly alluded to the singular and unique custom which is now to be described, and was then omitted, as was alleged, for want of sufficient space for its insertion,— the "O-kee-pa," an annual religious ceremony, to the strict observance of which those ignorant and superstitious people attributed not only their enjoyment in life, but their very existence; for traditions, their only history, instructed them in the belief that the singular forms of this ceremony produced the buffalos for their supply of food, and that the omission of this annual ceremony, with its sacrifices made to the waters, would bring upon them a repetition of the calamity which their traditions say once befell them, destroying the whole human race, excepting one man, who landed from his canoe on a high mountain in the West. "We hereby certify that we witnessed, with Mr. Catlin, in the Mandan village, the ceremonies represented in the four paintings to which this certificate refers, and that he has therein represented those scenes as we saw them enacted, without addition or exaggeration. "We hereby certify that we witnessed, in company with Mr. Catlin, in the Mandan village, the ceremony represented in the four paintings to which this certificate refers, and that he has therein represented those scenes as we saw them transacted, without any addition or exaggeration. "To George Catlin, Esq. "To Thomas Potts, Esq., Edinburgh, Scotland. "To George Catlin, Esq., City of New York. "No man can appreciate better than myself the admirable fidelity of your Indian Collection and Indian book, which I have lately examined. They are equally spirited and accurate; they are true to nature. Things that are, are not sacrificed, as they too often are by the painter, to things as (in his judgment) they should be.
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