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201Author:  Woods EdgarAdd
 Title:  Albemarle County in Virginia  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: The settlement of Virginia was a slow and gradual process. Plantations were for the most part opened on the water courses, extending along the banks of the James, and on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. It was more than a century after the landing at Jamestown before white men made the passage of the Blue Ridge. As soon as that event was noised abroad, it was speedily followed up, and in the space of the next twenty years the tide of population had touched the interior portions of the colony, one stream pushing westward from the sea coast, and another rolling up the Shenandoah Valley from the wilds of Pennsylvania.
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202Author:  Seamon W. H. (William Henry) b. 1859Add
 Title:  Albemarle County (Virginia)  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: A FEW reasons why Albemarle County, Va., should be the choice of the immigrant.
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203Author:  Charlottesville (Va.)Add
 Title:  Charter, ordinances and by-laws of the town of Charlottesville, Va.  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the general assembly of Virginia, That so much of the land as lies and is contained within the following boundary: Beginning at a stone on the north side of Alexander Garrett's lane, thence with said lane south sixty-nine and one-half degrees east, fourteen, twenty-eight poles to the west side of Merewether's mill road; thence with said road north thirty degrees east twenty-one, twenty poles; thence crossing said road south sixty-seven and one-half degrees east, thirty-four, forty poles to a fence between James Minor and A. J. Farish; thence north thirty-one and one-half degrees east, fifteen, forty-four poles to the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad; thence with said road south eighty degrees east seventeen, twenty eight poles; thence north fourteen degrees east, about eighteen, forty-four poles to the entrance of Goodman's lane, on the south side of the turnpike; thence along the south margin of said turnpike south sixty-one and three-fourths degrees east, eighty-two and one-third poles to a point opposite the southwest corner of Thomas L. Farish's lawn; thence crossing the turnpike road and following the fence of said lawn north twenty-eight and one-half degrees east, thirty-six poles to a white oak ree opposite said Farish's house; thence north thirty-one and one-fourth degrees east, twenty-five to a point near the northwest corner of the said Farish's garden: thence in a line parallel to the east line of the Institute lot, and running north twenty-four and one half degrees east, fifty and one half poles, crossing the free bridge road, to a point on the north side of said road; thence following the north margin said road south eighty-five degrees west, ninety-six and one fourth poles to a point opposite the northeast corner of the Anderson lot, in the present corporation line; thence with said line north ten and one fourth degrees west to the corner of the graveyard wall, next to the old brickyard; thence in the direction of a poplar tree in the corner of the old brick-yard lot north twenty one and one fourth degrees east, twenty-six twenty poles to a stone set in a field; thence crossing the old brick-yard, and with the south side of the street leading to Park street, north seventy-four degrees west, forty-eight, sixty-four poles to a stake corner to Shelton F. Leake's; thence north seventy-three degrees west, eighty-four forty-four poles to a stone in Mrs. Gilmer's field; thence south thirty-six and one fourth degrees west to a stone in the field, thirty-five, fifty-six poles; thence south twenty-eight degrees west to a stone in B. C. Flannagan's field forty-eight, sixty-four poles; thence south eighty-three degrees west, fifty-six poles to Verinda West's corner; thence up the road south seventeen degrees west thirteen, twelve poles; thence north seventy degrees west, twenty-five poles to a stone set in a field at the back of Mrs. Digg's lot; thence south twenty degrees west, twenty-eight, eighty poles to a locust tree in Mrs. Reyburn's; thence with the same course sixteen poles to a stake in James M. Hodge's lot, near the house; thence south sixty-nine and one half degrees east, twenty-two, twenty poles to Minerva Kenney's, to a stake in the fence near the kitchen; thence north thirty degrees east, six, twenty-eight poles to Alexander Garrett's lane by the railroad; thence with the said line when completed, south sixty-nine and one half degrees east, one hundred and thirty-eight, seventy-six poles to the beginning (being nearly the same limits as are prescribed in section one of an act passed fourteenth March, eighteen hundred and sixty, entitled an act to amend the charter and extend the corporate limits of the town of Charlottesville) shall be and is hereby made a town corporate, by the name and style of the Town of Charlottesville; and by that name shall sue and be sued, and shall have and exercise all the powers and be subject to all the provisions of the Code of Virginia, except so far as may be herein otherwise provided.
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204Author:  Bruce William Cabell 1860-1946Add
 Title:  John Randolph of Roanoke, 1773-1833  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: "I thank you for your good advice in your letter to Mamma, but I am such a perverse boy that I wish I had a tutor to make me mind my book as I cannot help wishing to play when it is time to read. I want to learn everything, but I cannot love confinement; and what is worse, the more I play the more I want to play; but I am sure when I go regularly to school I shall not be behind my brothers. Brother Hal is much cleverer than sister for his age though she is much improved in talking and walking. We are all wanting to see you; I was never so rejoiced as when we got your letter to leave Roanoke. I am my dear papa yr. dutyfull son "I take this oppty of letting you know that we are all well and that I missed my ague at Roanoke. Mama and Mrs. Hartston hung up Abracadabra as a charm for that and to keep away the enemy. Sister is worth a dozen of what she was when you left her. She says anything and runs about all day. I hope you are in favour with the Marquis. I don't doubt it, for I think you a very fine officer and will be able to make the militia fight, for if they do not now I don't think they ever will be collected after running away. Brother Dicky has turned me back from the optitive of amo to the potential mood of audio because Mr. Hearn never taught me. I thank you my dr papa for telling me in your letter to be a good boy and mind my book. I do love my book and mind it as much as I can myself, but we want a tutor very much. I hope in a month I shall be passing my Concords. I will try all I can to be a good boy and a favourite of Mama's and when you come home I hope I shall be one of yours. "You have doubtless, my ever dear and affectionate Papa, received Accounts of the Adoption of the new Constitution by the State of New York; the majority consisting of five only. On Wednesday 26th inst. (4 days previous to our hearing of the ratification of this State), there was a very grand Procession in this city (on account of its being received by ten States) which proceeded from the plain before Bridewell down Broadway thro' Wall Street; and, by the way of Great Queen Street, proceeded to the Federal Green before Bunker's Hill, where there were tables set for more than five thousand people to Dine. Two Oxen were roasted whole and several cows and Sheep. I'll assure [you], my dear Sir, it put me in mind of the great Preparations which were made in Don Quixote for the wedding of Camacho and the rich and the fair Quiteria. There were ten tables set out to represent the ten States which had acceded to the Constitution; all which were concentered together at one end, like the sticks of a Fan; where they joined were seated all the Congress with the President in the middle. The Procession was very beautiful and well conducted. Every trade and profession had a Colour emblematical of it. The chief of the Bakers were drawn on a stage, on which they were seen mixing their bread; the apprentices, all in white, followed with ready-baked Cakes. The Coopers followed, making barrels, and the apprentices followed with a keg under the arm of each. Next came the Brewers, bringing hogsheads of beer along with a little Bacchus astride a Cask, holding a large Goblet in his hand. It would require too much time for me to tell you of all the different occupations, but, to the honor of New York, be it spoken that, among 8000 people, who were said to have dined together on the green, there was not a single Drunken Man or fight to be seen. On Saturday, the 27th Inst., news arrived of the Constitution's being adopted. A party of Federalists, as they call themselves, went to the house VOL. I—8 of Mr. Greenleaf, printer of the Patriotic Register, and, after having broken his windows and thrown away his Types (much to their discredit), went to the Governor's, where they gave three hisses, and beat the rogue's march around the house. They proceeded to the houses of the Federals (as they call them) and gave three cheers."1 1N. Y. Pub. Lib. "You will no doubt, my ever dear Father, be much astonished when I tell you that, by the time you receive this, I shall be far on my return to Williamsburg; and you will be yet more surprised at hearing that I mean to spend the summer in one of the Northern States. Since I saw you, I have been informed that the late horrid and malicious lie, which has been for some time too freely circulated, has been, by the diligent exertion of those timid enemies (whom I have not been able by any insult to force to an interview) so impressed, during my absence, on the minds of every one, that a public enquiry into it is now more than ever necessary. Having endeavored, by every method I could devise, to bring William Randolph [one of Nancy's brothers] to a personal explanation of his conduct, and to give me personal satisfaction for his aspersions of my character, and finding that no insult is sufficient to rouse his feelings (if he has any), I have at last urged Col. Tom to bring an action of slander against him. This will bring the whole affair once more before the eyes of every one, the circumstances, from beginning to end, of the persons accusing and accused will be seen at once, and the villainy of my traducers fully exposed. When this is done, I shall once more know the blessing of a tranquil mind! . . . "I received your letter of the 13th inst. this morning. You must be equally conscious with myself that the idea of representing this district in Congress never originated with me; and I believe I may with truth assert that it is one which I never should have entertained, had it not been suggested, in the first instance, by my friends. I am now as well satisfied, as I was when you first made to me the proposal of permitting my friends to declare my willingness to serve my fellow-citizens in the House of Representatives, that it is an office to which I can not rationally entertain the smallest pretensions. I, therefore, willingly resign any which my friends may have formed for me to any person whom they may approve, and shall feel happy in giving my vote—interest I have none, and did I possess any, my principles would forbid my using it on such an occasion—to a man for whose character I entertain so high an opinion as that which I have borne ever since my acquaintance with him for Citizen Daniel's. When I was in Amelia, I wrote to Citizen Venable, informing him briefly of the authentic report of his intended resignation, and also that some of my friends had proposed taking a vote for me. This I was impelled to do by my sense of propriety, since to me it appeared highly indelicate that such a thing should be even whispered before he was informed that it was in agitation. Accept Citizen my most sincere regards and believe me with truth your friend. "Having stated the facts, it would be derogatory to your character for me to point out the remedy. So far as they relate to this application, addressed to you in a public capacity, they can only be supposed by you to be of a public nature. VOL. I—11 It is enough for me to state that the independence of the Legislature has been attacked and the majesty of the people, of which you are the principal representative, insulted and your authority contemned. In their name, I demand that a provision, commensurate with the evil, be made, and which will be calculated to deter others from any future attempts to introduce the Reign of Terror into our country. In addressing you in this plain language of man, I give you, Sir, the best proof I can afford of the estimation in which I hold your office and your understanding; and I assure you with truth that I am with respect your fellow citizen, John Randolph. "Seven times we have balloted—eight states for J—six for Burr—two, Maryland and Vermont divided; voted to postpone for an hour the process; now half past four resumed— result the same. The order against adjourning made with a view to Mr. Nicholson, who was ill, has not operated. He left his sick bed—came through a snow storm—brought his bed, and has prevented the vote of Maryland from being given to Burr. Mail closing. "To the Freeholders of Charlotte, Prince Edward, Buckingham and Cumberland: Fellow Citizens: I dedicate to you the following fragment. That it appears in its present mutilated shape is to be ascribed to the successful usurpation which has reduced the freedom of speech in one branch of the American Congress to an empty name. It is now established for the first time and in the person of your representative that the House may and will refuse to hear a member in his place, or even to receive a motion from him upon the most momentous subject that can be presented for legislative decision. A similar motion was brought forward by the Republican minority in the year 1798 before these modern inventions for stifling the freedom of debate were discovered. It was discussed as a matter of right until it was abandoned by the mover in consequence of additional information (the correspondence of our envoy at Paris) laid before Congress by the President. In `the reign of terror' the father of the Sedition Law had not the hardihood to proscribe liberty of speech, much less the right of free debate on the floor of Congress. This invasion of the public liberties was reserved for self-styled Republicans who hold your understandings in such contempt as to flatter themselves that you will overlook their every outrage upon the great first principles of free government in consideration of their professions of tender regard for the privileges of the people. It is for you to decide whether they have undervalued your intelligence and spirit or whether they have formed a just estimate of your character. You do not require to be told that the violation of the rights of him, whom you have deputed to represent you, is an invasion of the rights of every man of you, of every individual in society. If this abuse be suffered to pass unredressed—and the people alone are competent to apply the remedy—we must bid adieu to a free form of government forever. Having learned from various sources that a declaration of war would be attempted on Monday next with closed doors, I deemed it my duty to endeavor by an exercise of my constitutional functions to arrest this heaviest of all calamities and avert it from our happy country. I accordingly made the effort of which I now give you the result, and of the success of which you will have already been informed before these pages can reach you. I pretend only to give you the substance of my unfinished argument. The glowing words, the language of the heart have passed away with the occasion that called them forth. They are no longer under my control. My design is simply to submit to you the views which have induced me to consider a war with England, under existing circumstances, as comporting neither with the interest nor the honor of the American people; but as an idolatrous sacrifice of both on the altar of French rapacity, perfidy and ambition. For so, without ceremony, permit me to call you. Among the few causes that I find for regret at my dismissal from public life, there is none in comparison with the reflection that it has separated me—perhaps forever—from some who have a strong hold on my esteem and on my affections. It would indeed have been gratifying to me to see once more yourself, Mr. Meade [Rev. Wm. Meade, of Virginia], Ridgely [Andrew Sterrett Ridgely], and some few others; and the thought that this may never be is the only one that infuses any thing of bitterness into what may be termed my disappointment, if a man can be said to be disappointed when things happen according to his expectations. On every other account, I have cause of self-congratulation at being disenthralled from a servitude at once irksome and degrading. The grapes are not sour—you know the manner in which you always combated my wish to retire. Although I have not, like you, the spirit of a martyr, yet I could not but allow great force to your representations. To say the truth, a mere sense of my duty alone might have been insufficient to restrain me from indulging the very strong inclination which I have felt for many years to return to private life. It is now gratified in a way that takes from me every shadow of blame. No man can reproach me with the desertion of my friends, or the abandonment of my post in a time of danger and of trial. `I have fought the good fight, I have kept the faith.' I owe the public nothing; my friends, indeed, are entitled to everything at my hands; but I have received my discharge, not indeed honestam dimissionem, but passable enough, as times go, when delicacy is not over-fastidious. I am again free, as it respects the public at least, and have but one more victory to achieve to be so in the true sense of the word. Like yourself and Mr. Meade, I cannot be contented with endeavoring to do good for goodness' sake, or rather for the sake of the Author of all goodness. In spite of me, I cannot help feeling something very like contempt for my poor foolish fellow-mortals, and would often consign them to Bonaparte in this world, and the devil, his master, in the next; but these are but temporary fits of misanthropy, which soon give way to better and juster feelings."1 1Garland, v. 2, 11. Your letter being addressed to Farmville, did not reach me until yesterday, when my nephew brought it up. Charlotte Court House is my post-office. By my last you will perceive that I have anticipated your kind office in regard to my books and papers at Crawford's. Pray give them protection `until the Chesapeake shall be fit for service.' It is, I think, nearly eight years since I ventured to play upon those words in a report of the Secretary of the Navy. I have read your letter again and again, and cannot express to you how much pleasure the perusal has given me. "Your letter of the 14th was received today—many thanks for it. By the same mail, Mr. Quincy sent me a copy of his speech of the 30th of last month. It is a composition of much ability and depth of thought; but it indicates a spirit and a temper to the North which is more a subject of regret than of surprise. The grievances of Lord North's administration were but as a feather in the scale, when compared with those inflicted by Jefferson and Madison."2 2Ibid., 14. You lay me under obligations which I know not how to requite, and yet I cannot help requesting a continuance of them. I have been highly gratified today by the receipt of your letter of the 5th, and the accompanying pamphlet. I have read them both with deep attention, and with a melancholy pleasure which I should find it difficult to describe. You are under some misapprehension respecting my opinions in regard to certain men and measures—the true sources of our present calamities. They are not materially, if at all, variant from your own. It is time indeed to speak out; but, if, as I fear, the canine race in New York have returned to their vomit, the voice of truth and of patriotism will be as the voice of one crying in the wilderness. I feel most sensibly the difficulties of our situation, but the question is as to the remedy. "You will perceive by the enclosed letter, in case the fact shall have failed to reach you through any other channel, that the enemies whom it has been my lot to make in the discharge of the duties of the station, to which I had been called by the public suffrage, seem unwilling to allow me even the repose of that retirement, to which, after many baffled efforts, they have succeeded in persuading my late constituents to consign me. I shall not stop to enquire how far such a proceeding be honorable, or even politic, as it regards the views of those, who have allowed themselves to adopt it; although the people, with whom it was once my pride to be connected, must have undergone some strange metamorphosis, not less rapid and disastrous than that which our unhappy country has experienced within the same period of time, if there be one among them that does not see through the motives of those who would entreat them to turn their eyes from the general calamity and shame, and the shameless authors of them, to the faults and indiscretions, real or imputed, of an old, dismissed public servant, whose chief offence in the eyes of his accusers is that, foreseeing mischief, he labored to avert it. Nine years have now elapsed since he raised his voice against the commencement of a system of measures, which, although artfully disguised, were calculated, as he believed, to produce what we have all seen, and are fated long to feel. Had they, who derided what they were then pleased to term his `mournful vaticinations, the reveries of a heated and disordered imagination,' confided less in their own air-built theories, and taken warning ere it was too late, they might be riding on `the full tide of successful experiment,' instead of clinging with instinctive and convulsive grasp to the wreck, which themselves have made of public credit, of national honor, of peace, happiness and security, and of faith among men. The very bonds, not only of union between these states, but of society itself are loosened, and we seem `approaching towards that awful dissolution, the issue of which it is not given to human foresight to scan.' In the virtue, the moderation, the fortitude of the People is (under God) our last resource. Let them ever bear in mind that from their present institutions there is no transition but to military despotism; and that there is none more easy. Anarchy is the chrysalis state of despotism; and to that state have the measures of this government long tended, amidst professions, such as we have heard in France and seen the effects of, of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. None but the people can forge their own chains; and to flatter the people and delude them by promises never meant to be performed is the stale but successful practice of the demagogue, as of the seducer in private life.—`Give me only a helve for my axe,' said the woodman in the fable to the tall and stately trees, that spread their proud heads and raised their unlopped arms to the air of heaven. `Give me an Army,' says the wily politican. It is only to fight the English, to maintain `Free trade and sailors' rights'; and, dazzled by the `pride, pomp and circumstance of glorious war,' heedless of the miseries that lurk beneath its splendor, the People have said Amen! Of these the heavy debts and grinding taxes, that follow in its train, are, perhaps, the least. Disease and vice, in new unheard-of forms, spread from the camp throughout society. Not a village, not a neighborhood, hardly a family escapes the infection. The searching miseries of war penetrate even into the hovel of the shivering negro whose tattered blanket and short allowance of salt bear witness to the glories of that administration under which his master is content to live. His master, no doubt some `Southern Nabob,' some `Haughty Grandee of Virginia,' the very idea of whose existence disturbs the repose of over-tender consciences, is revelling in luxury which the necessary wants of his wretched bondsmen are stinted to supply. Such is the stuff that dreams are made of! The master, consumed by cares, from which even the miserable African is free, accustomed to the decent comforts of life, is racking his brain for ways and means to satisfy the demands of the taxgatherer. You see the struggle between his pride and his necessity. That ancient relic of better times, on which he bends his vacant eye, must go. It is, itself, the object of a new tax. He can no longer afford to keep it. Moreover, he must find a substitute for his youngest boy called into service. His eldest son has perished in the tentless camp, the bloodless but fatal fields of the fenny country; and even for the cherished resemblance of this favorite child he must pay tribute to Caesar. The tear that starts into his eye, as he adds this item to the inventory of exaction, would serve but to excite a philosophic smile in the `Grimm' Idol (see the diplomatic Baron's correspondence) of the Levee and its heartless worshippers. "This date says everything. I arrived here on Sunday afternoon, and am now writing from the Grand Hotel de Castile, Rue Richelieu and Boulevard des Italiens; for, as the French say, it `gives' upon both, having an entrance from each. "A month has now elapsed since I landed in England, during which time I have not received a line from any friend, except Benton, who wrote to me on the eve of his departure from Babylon the Great to Missouri. Missouri!, and here am I writing in the parlor of the New Inn, at the gate of Mr. Coke's park, where art has mastered nature in one of her least amiable moods. To say the truth, he that would see this country to advantage must not end with the barren sands and flat, infertile healths (strike out the l; I meant to write heaths) of the east country, but must reserve the vale of Severn and Wales for a bonne bouche. Although I was told at Norwich that Mr. Coke was at home (and by a particular friend of his too), yet I find that he and Lady Anne are gone to the very extremity of this huge county to a wool fair, at Thetford, sixty-five miles off; and, while my companion, Mr. Williams, of S. C. (son of David R. W.), is gone to the Hall, I am resolved to bestow, if not `all,' a part at least of `my tediousness' upon you. Tediousness, indeed, for what have I to write about, unless to tell you that my health, so far from getting better, was hardly ever worse? . . . Mr. Williams has been very attentive and kind to me. I have been trying to persuade him to abandon me to the underwriters as a total loss, but he will not desert me; so that I meditate giving him the slip for his own sake. We saw Dudley Inn and a bad race at Newmarket, on our way to Norwich. There we embarked on the river Yare, and proceeded to Yarmouth by the steampacket. We returned to Norwich by land, and by different routes; he, by the direct road, and I, by Beccles, fifteen miles further; and yet I arrived first. Through Lord Suffield's politeness, who gave me a most hearty invitation to Gunton, I was enabled to see the Castle (now the county jail) to the best advantage. His lordship is a great prison discipline financier, and was very polite to me when I was in England four years ago. I met him by mere accident at the inn at Norwich, where the coach from Beccles stopped. . . . " `The Portfolio reached me in safety.' So much had I written of a letter to you in London, but I was obliged to drop my pen in G. Marx' compting-house, and here I am, and at your service at The Hague. . . . "It is now agreed on all hands that misery, crime and profligacy are in a state of rapid and alarming increase. The Pitt and paper system (for although he did not begin it, yet he brought it to its last stage of imperfection) is now developing features that `fright the isle from its propriety.' "Mr. W. J. Barksdale writes his father that a run will be made at me by G—s [Giles] this winter. On this subject, I can only repeat what I have said before—that, when the Commonwealth of Virginia dismisses a servant, it is strong presumptive evidence of his unfitness for the station. If it shall apply to my own case, I cannot help it. But I should have nothing to wish on this subject, if the Assembly could be put in possession of a tolerably faithful account of what I have said and done. I have been systematically and industriously misrepresented. I had determined to devote this last summer to a revision of my speeches, but my life would have paid the forfeit, had I persisted in that determination. Many of the misrepresentations proceed from the `ineffable stupidity' of the reporters, but some must, I think, be intentional. . . . In most instances, my meaning has been mistaken. In some, it has been reversed. If I live, I will set this matter right. So much for Ego. You might know by the date (as regards the month) that I was in the only realm in Christendom, where the new style is not yet introduced. Much to my disappointment, your old friend, Mr. Lewis, is not here. He is & has been for sometime in England. I therefore sent your letter to his Compting House as the most ready mode of getting it to his hands.
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205Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  The Daily Progress historical and industrial magazine  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: THE City of Opportunity, where welcome waits the stranger. County Seat of Albemarle. Home of the far-famed University of Virginia. "A land flowing with milk and honey." Her glorious past and future possibilities. Endowed by nature as a place of residence. A brief review of her business men whose loyalty, public spirit and sterling qualities have earned for her the proud distinction she holds in the sisterhood of cities of the great and growing Southland. Mr. Albert E. Walker is an editor and publisher of unusual ability. He has just completed the issuance of a special edition for the Mail, and we are pleased to say the edition was in every way a success. His relations with us, and with the business and professional men of Hagerstown are of the most cordial character. He has left behind him here the confidence and good will of all with whom he came in contract. In him trust may safely reposed. Dear Sir: We feel that a word from us is only just to you in view of your excellent work on our Special Historical and Industrial Edition which has recently been issued, as it might meet the eye of some publisher who needs the services of an honest, capable and energetic man to take charge of a similar work. In all the long time that you have been with us, our relations have been most pleasant and we unhesitatingly commend you as a thoroughly competent compiler of special editions and special work in the newspaper field. Your sobriety and indefatigable industry have been of especial value to us and you have made many friends in Frederick. We shall take pleasure in being of service to you at any time you may call on us. With many good wishes for your future success, we remain. This will certify that Mr. Albert E. Walker has just completed for the Martinsburg Statesman the largest and handsomest Industrial Magazine ever published in the state of West Virginia, a publication we deem a credit to us and our city. Mr. Walker has, by his uniform courtesy and straightforward methods, won the esteem of the entire community. We will be pleased to furnish at any time further endorsements if desired. Mr. Albert E. Walker has rendered most valuable service to the Patriot for its special Christmas edition. Mr. Walker carries with him our best wishes for his success. We have found him capable, courteous and thoroughly reliable, and can and do recommend him to the newspaper fraternity. Mr. Walker sustained the most satisfactory relations with our business men during the progress of the work securing for the Patriot their hearty co-operation and support. Mr. A. E. Walker: Accept the congratulations of the Merchants and Manufacturers Association upon the achievement of your splendid work of compiling and editing the special industrial edition of The Mail, which is one of the best and greatest literary efforts ever attempted in the county. We feel that this work is an invaluable compendium, showing the advantages of our city, and we deem it our duty to extend to you our best wishes in your chosen field, which can not help to be beneficial to any community. We take pleasure in announcing to the manufacturers of Maryland that the Baltimore Sunday Herald will issue an Industrial Magazine which will present in prose and picture Maryland's leading industries, showing the extent of their dealing and magnitude of their operations in the commercial world. These editions will be found on file in every Chamber of Commerce and Board of trade in all the leading cities of the United States, while the foreign circulation will cover the United States consulates of every English speaking country on the globe. The direct management of this work will be under the supervision of Mr. Albert E. Walker, the well known writer and recognized authority of national repute on industrial matters. Mr. Walker is not only a hustler but is a gentleman in every respect. His business methods are honorable and all with whom he did business would be glad to certify to his strict integrity. I cheerfully recommend him to any publisher who desires to issue a souverior edition.
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206Author:  Irving Washington 1783-1859Add
 Title:  Works  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: "Mr. Will Cottington and Captain Partridg of Rhoode-Iland presented this insewing request to the commissioners in wrighting— "As touching the threats in your conclusion, we have nothing to answer, only that we fear nothing but what God (who is as just as merciful) shall lay upon us; all things being in his gracious disposal, and we may as well be preserved by him with small forces as by a great army, which makes us to wish you all happiness and prosperity, and recommend you to his protection. My lords, your thrice humble and affectionate servant and friend, "I am of this mind with Homer, that as the snaile that crept out of her shell was turned eftsoons into a toad, and thereby was forced to make a stoole to sit on; so the traveller that stragleth from his owne country is in a short time transformed into so monstrous a shape, that he is faine to alter his mansion with his manners, and to live where he can, not where he would." A POSTHUMOUS WRITING OF DIEDRICH KNICKERBOCKER. "The story of Rip Van Winkle may seem incredible to many, but nevertheless I give it my full belief, for I know the vicinity of our old Dutch settlements to have been very subject to marvellous events and appearances. Indeed, I have heard many stranger stories than this, in the villages along the Hudson; all of which were too well authenticated to admit of a doubt. I have even talked with Rip Van Winkle myself, who, when last I saw him, was a very venerable old man, and so perfectly rational and consistent on every other point, that I think no conscientious person could refuse to take this into the bargain; nay, I have seen a certificate on the subject taken before a country justice, and signed with a cross, in the justice's own hand-writing. The story, therefore, is beyond the possibility of doubt.
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207Author:  Irving Washington 1783-1859Add
 Title:  Works  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
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208Author:  Clemons Harry 1879-1968Add
 Title:  The A.L.A. in Siberia  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: . . . Perhaps I had better begin epistolary communication by certain commentaries on the cablegrams. Yesterday and today I have found four new places where books have been distributed. The largest collection was of 300 volumes, shelved in a Y. M. C. A. hut and canteen. There were just sixteen books on the shelves, the others being in circulation! The cards had been used in this case, and I found that the cards recorded an average use of fully ten loans per volume. The men were reading everything in sight. At the beginning of this week I seemed at a loss how to proceed. However, I learned at the office of the Chief of Staff that a letter had recently been received there from Miss Mary Polk of Manila stating that a dozen or so boxes of books and periodicals had been sent by transport from the Philippines. So I started after these, ran into a mesh of red tape, and after some patient unwinding—during which I received most courteous treatment—I reached the following results—which make up my report for the week:— I have finished unpacking the boxes of periodicals which I reported last week. The periodicals have been sorted and I have now begun the more interesting work of making up sets to send out. Already twenty-eight sets have been made up for seventeen places. Some have been distributed, but thirteen mail sacks are ready for tomorrow. I hope to be able to send sets to all the detachments, large and small, of this expedition during the coming week—Christmas week. Thus do we introduce the short-story into the long Siberian night. On December 24th, I cabled to you: "For sending money Vladivostok branch Hongkong Shanghai Bank available." There was a violent storm here on New Year's Day, and . . . consequently what is officially known as "transportation" has been interfered with. Herewith acknowledge receipt of parcel of magazines received from you today. In thanking you for this shipment I would like to express my personal appreciation for the very good work done by the American Library Association in all the posts that I have seen in Siberia. There has just come by post from Miss Mary Polk, of Manila, a very welcome collection of supplies and information. I have been particularly eager to get printed or other matter about the working of the Camp Libraries in the States and overseas. . . . Yesterday I received by registered post from "The One Hundredth Bank, Ltd.," Tokyo, Japan, the following letter, under date of January eighth: . . . "We beg to enclose herewith a cheque payable at the Matsuda Bank for yen 3,720.93, being the equivalent of $2,000 at $53¾. This past week has been a fairly busy one. Now that I am able to get really to work with real cases of real A. L. A. books, perhaps you will not have to wade through such lengthy screeds from me. . . . Last week I reported to you the details of the quest of seven cases of books, which had gone to the Y. M. C. A. All the difficulties which had not previously arisen in that quest emerged this week. However, I got the cases on Thursday. . . . One of the seven cases was short about twenty or twenty-five books. I judge that the case had been opened en route. I have written to the Director of the Y. M. C. A. in Vladivostok for any possible clue about the missing volumes. . . . The use of the little Clearing House and Reference Library has increased beyond my expectations. And the cases which I have been able to distribute from the twenty-one received (three of which were sent out by the Y. M. C. A.) have only whetted the appetite for more. I shall be grievously disappointed if the next transport—due in about a week—does not bring a number of cases. On February 4th, I received the following cable message: . . . "Shall we subscribe magazines continue book shipments how many." . . . Now I have both letters and books. In quantity too. . . . Your words, "Your plan of action seems the only wise one," gave me immense relief. I have felt the aim of the American Library Association War Service. That explains my coming to Siberia. But I was anxious lest my lack of any experience in camp library methods should make my efforts appear futile to you from the very start. I have taken the opportunity to go over your letter of January ninth and the two sets of circular instructions more carefully. . . . As yet I have not discovered an answer to my question concerning the ultimate disposal of books. . . . Next as regards the shipment of books from Manila and from San Francisco. . . . When I arrived in December, of the fifty-five cases, twenty-four were in the Quartermaster's warehouse, having arrived but a short time before. The others had apparently been disposed of among the forces by the Quartermaster's Department. One of the twenty-four cases was addressed to a regiment with headquarters at Habarovsk, and I sent this on without opening. Of the others all but five or six contained periodicals. These I distributed as I have previously reported. Two boxes of good books I turned over to the Colonel in command at the American Base, for his regimental library—a very successful institution. There were two huge boxes of books, many of them old and worn and worm-eaten and all having two or three club labels pasted on the covers. I repacked ten smaller boxes from these and sent them to various places—a hospital, isolated stations, and so on. Several hundred of these remain. I have permitted them to be taken as gifts and have continued to distribute them myself as opportunity offered—when a new ward was opened in a nearby hospital, when a "troupe" of soldiers went off to perform at various detachments, when a Red Cross guard went to Omsk, when I learned of a handful of signal corps men at a point on the railway. About a hundred and fifty newer books I kept until I received some cards and pockets from Miss Polk—for I found none of the books in the cases equipped with cards and pockets—and with this hundred and fifty I was able to effect the beginnings of an exchange of A. L. A. books which had previously been distributed. This exchange affected five different detachments. Notice has reached me by letter from San Francisco that on the March transport, the "Thomas," which is due to arrive this coming week, there are thirty-four cases of books for me and four for the transport. . . . I shall then have received one hundred and twenty-two altogether. If twenty more are sent in response to my recent cablegram, there will be an adequate supply for this expedition at its present strength. The transport "Thomas" has arrived with A. L. A. cases, but as these are unloaded by the Quartermaster's Corps, turned over to the Commanding General, turned back to the Q. M. C., and turned over to me, it will probably be several days before my "turn" comes. The thirty-four cases for the A. E. F. Siberia have been turned over to me. As yet I have not discovered the case of supplies, but this may possibly be at the bottom of the pile. This week the Chief of Staff went over with me the situation concerning the withdrawal of the Expedition. . . . The conference was specifically about the answer, [&c.] The Chief of Staff finally suggested that periodicals might be ordered for the permanent units. . . . In case of any withdrawals the periodicals would, of course, follow these units to their new location. . . . . . . The three boxes of books containing respectively, 69 71 and 71 volumes, were promptly received and have been placed in the crew's library of this vessel. I need hardly assure you that the acquisition of a new collection of books at this time and place was especially gratifying. Last week I gave you the reasons for making the subscriptions for periodicals. . . . The colonels . . . have expressed pleasure at the idea of receiving these periodicals. I enclose a copy of the signed letter from Colonel Styer. In reply to yours of March 23rd, I beg to say that we will appreciate very much receiving the periodicals you mention. If they are addressed to the Headquarters of the Regiment, the Chaplain will attend to their distribution in case our companies are scattered in a number of places. . . . This past week I have received your letter of February twenty-first and two cable messages. . . . This week a box of periodicals sent by the United States Soldiers' Christian Aid Association, George Breck, Esq., Secretary, 5 Beekman Street, New York City, was turned over to me for distribution. The periodicals have been distributed and the gift acknowledged. . . . Up to the present I have repacked, listed, and distributed eighty-two cases. . . . [To continue] my attempts to cover the whole Expedition and to make the distribution of books so far as possible proportional to the strength of the detachments . . . now means a redistribution of books, and a redistribution from centers outside of Vladivostok and the Base—from centers, that is, which are going to be reduced in strength. Hence, I have been waiting for a fortnight or so, and shall continue to do so until it becomes clear how the troops are to be located. . . . . . . By repacking each case of books sent out from the Clearing House Library (eighty-seven cases have thus far been so repacked) and retaining a list of the contents, I have been able to build up collections of books that were largely free from duplication and that contained a proportion and type of non-fiction books adapted to the local use—at least such has been my purpose. It is altogether probable that in the redistribution of troops the larger collections have been broken up into smaller collections and repacked for this purpose in such a way that I have no longer any use for my lists. The plans for the redistribution of troops have been carried out rapidly and my appeals to the various centers for information about the books have thus far brought not a single response. Of course, where companies have gone out from the Base at Vladivostok I have been able to handle the matter as before. But the troops from centers like Habarovsk have gone from those centers, they are now on the way, and, though the sectors to be guarded are known, the actual locations of the entrained troops will depend on the discovery of suitable barracks by the Commanding Officers; hence, these ultimate locations are not known even at Head-quarters in Vladivostok. . . . I have written two short letters containing lists of books desired by Captain Ward of the Intelligence Department and by Lieutenant Horgan, the Morale Officer. No cable . . . no message about my relief has been received. The cable business here is extraordinarily slow and uncertain. Your message of March fourteenth did not reach me until the end of the month. . . . The administration of this Expedition amid huge distances and such means of communication and transportation is one of the feats of the war. . . . Chaplain Loughran [appointed my successor] is one of the four chaplains who arrived a fortnight ago on the transport "Sherman." He has been assigned to the Base, lives at the officers' mess where I have been staying, and a simple chapel room is being made for him in warehouse number three, one wall of the chapel serving also as a wall of the Base Library. So his work will be centralized—the feast of reason on one side and the flow of soul on the other. He is Catholic. Already he has made a good impression for energy and for ability to get on with the men. . . .
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209Author:  Burke William M.DAdd
 Title:  The mineral springs of western Virginia  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: Among the numerous advantages bestowed on Virginia by a bountiful Providence, there are perhaps none more important than the salubrity of climate and rich profusion of mineral waters of its transmontane territory. The happy combinations of these blessings, added to its central position, will not only make Western Virginia the great Mecca of invalid pilgrims, but its pellucid fountains, its beautiful villas, its secluded glens and majestic mountains, and the rich drapery of its noble forests, will ever attract to it the admirers of Nature's own workmanship. I have just received your letter of the 7th inst., soliciting my opinion and experience of the remedial effects of the waters of the Hot Springs in chronic diarrhœa and difficult menstruation. "In April, 1833, I was seized with cholera in a southern climate, from which I had scarcely recovered when intermittent fever attacked me. This continued at intervals until September, when congestive fever intervened, and continued with great violence for the space of nine days, and only subsided to give place to the intermittent again. From this, morbid appetite began to prey upon me. The ague alternated with a severe dysentery until March, 1834. Ostematous swellings of the lower extremities made their appearance, but gave way to the use of alteratives and muriated tincture of iron. I became much emaciated and debilitated; my spleen became much enlarged; an excessively morbid condition of the stomach continued; an ungovernable craving for food of the grossest description, and other indigestible substances. In the mean time, an uncontrollable diarrhœa, which has given me more uneasiness than every other symptom, came on. "In the month of January, 1806, during my attendance on the Virginia Legislature, of which I was then a member, I was very sorely afflicted with an attack of inflammatory rheumatism; and about the first of July, in the same year, after the disease had assumed a chronic state, I arrived at the Hot Springs in Virginia much debilitated, requiring two persons to put me in and take me out of the carriage. I remained at the Springs sixty-three days, using the bath once every day except three. I was weighed the day I got to the Springs, and also on the day I left them; and if I was correctly weighed, I gained sixty pounds in weight in sixty-three days, and remained free from that complaint for upwards of twenty years. "In 1826, I had a protracted attack of bilious fever, which left me in this condition. My stomach and bowels being much disordered, accompanied with great flatulency, gave me from 4 to 6 passages every 24 hours, and sometimes oftener; my stools mixed with blood more or less, and sometimes with matter very offensive. At length a tumor formed in the lower intestine about the size of a small walnut, attended with great heat and itching, which ultimately broke, and I occasionally discharged considerable quantities of blood and matter by stool. I then thought, and still think, that the whole rectum was much diseased, and I should be compelled to submit to an operation or fall a victim to the disease. In addition to many other sufferings, in the fall of 1831, I had a severe rheumatic attack, which pervaded my whole muscular system, but was most distressing about my breast, chest, bowels and hips. In this situation, about the first of July following, I went to the Hot Springs barely able to sit up, and used the waters freely, drinking and bathing until the 30th of August, when I left them much relieved in every way. The ensuing summer I again returned to the Hot Springs, and used the waters by drinking and bathing until the last of August, when I returned home entirely relieved of bowel disease and nearly so of my rheumatism. I have again this summer visited these Springs, where I have been for three weeks using the waters as before, and believe myself entirely relieved of all my complaints, except a little stiffness in my hips and back. At your request, and for the benefit of the afflicted, I give you as near as I can, a statement of my case, which has been complicated and difficult to describe. I am a resident of Detroit, State of Michigan. In July, 1829, I was attacked with a bilious fever and severe inflammation of the stomach, and was reduced very low by bleeding and medicine. I remained in a feeble state about six months, when an ulcer came out on the side of my ancle nearly the size of a dollar. This has continued on one or the other, and sometimes on both of my ancles, ever since except about two months in March and April last. My legs have been so much swelled, that I have been compelled to bandage them to the knee, most of the time. About three years ago, a rheumatic disease set in, the cords of my legs 8* swelled to the knees, and at times to the body, (mostly on the inside) with hard lumps on the cords frequently as large as hickory nuts, and extremely painful. "In the summer of 1836 I visited the Virginia Springs, with liver disease, as stated by many physicians. I used the Sulphur Waters for some time, but without any decided effect. I then came to the Hot Springs, and after using the Spout bath for a few days, the pain in the right side, from a dull, increased to an acute, which induced me to apply to Dr. Goode for advice. He gave me ten grains of calomel, which brought about a most happy change in my feelings and health; producing copious discharges of dark bilious matter, when forty grains, often before taken, produced but a limited effect. I give you the following statement of my case. About ten years ago I became dyspeptic, and was unwell in the usual way, when at length I became much worse; almost every thing taken in the stomach produced pain, and frequently violent spasms, which threatened death. I experienced no relief except when under the influence of calomel. Tiring of which, after suffering for about two years, I determined to try the Sulphur Waters. In compliance with your request, I transmit you an account of my case. In the latter part of 1836, I had a violent attack of cholica pictonum, or white lead disease; which, in despite of the most energetic treatment, terminated in a paralysis of my arms and hands, which deprived me almost entirely of the use of them, with great emaciation and general debility and prostration. I received on yesterday your message from Mr. Seth Ward; it affords me pleasure to comply. The case of rheumatism you desired the particulars of was that of Mr. J— C—, of Charleston, S. C., aged eighteen years. He had been seriously afflicted for some time before he was put under my protection, which was on the 17th day of June, when we left Charleston for the Virginia Springs. We arrived at the White Sulphur on the 28th of June, and remained there until the 9th of July, taking from eight to ten tumblers of the water daily. I am now erecting a continuous line of framed house (one story high) one hundred and sixty feet long, by twenty-one feet in width, containing twenty-four (fire) rooms, ten feet by twelve feet in clear, and all upon the same level, with a neat portico in front the entire length. I have removed the house from the Bath near the hotel, and I mean to convert the bath into a pool with a railing around it. In the place of this I shall make two spacious baths sixteen by twenty up at the Red Chalybeate Springs. A new walk from the centre of the hotel towards these Springs, together with other improvements not only about the hotel, but in the road, fences, &c., I hope will add both comfort and pleasure to my future visitors. Through my friends, J. S. Cook, Esq. and Dr. H. J. Bowditch, I received specimens of the water, red deposit and mud, from the Red Sulphur Springs, in Virginia, for chemical analysis. It was with great interest that I engaged in the experiments, as very little was known of the chemical composition of this water, although its medicinal effects had rendered the watering-place a celebrated one. I have sent Mr. Cook an account of the results obtained. Since my observations were communicated, Mr. Cook has allowed me to peruse a copy of a letter from Professor Rogers, dated in May, 1835, in which is contained a notice of a peculiar organic matter contained in the water. He has therefore anticipated my discovery, by some years. I do not, however, consider this substance identical with baragene or glairine of the Warm Springs of Italy and France. It is, so far as I know, new and peculiar, and seems to be an azotised base combined with sulphur, and so combined as to neutralize the distinctive characters of the sulphur. The hy-drosulphuric acid gas (sulphuretted hydrogen) found in the water, is produced through the agency of this body; either by its action on the sulphates present, or more probably the substance itself disengages hydro. sulp. acid, before reaching the surface of the earth, abstracting oxygen from air already dissolved in the water. It is in favour of this view that less oxygen is present in this than in common water, the mixture of oxygen and nitrogen in river water often giving 38 per 100 of oxygen. I have minutely examined the saline contents of the water, and the results sent you are those which have been checked by independent experiments. The almost entire absence of chlorine, or muriatic acid, is a singular fact. I examined every bottle for chlorine, and although in most of them traces were found, they were not constantly observed, and quite as likely to be derived from accidental sources, as from the water. The largest quantity found would have carried my decimals to four, or five, and is wholly unimportant. The water gives by tests indications like those observed when chlorine is present, but the appearance is fallacious. I have arranged the acids and basis according to the views of Murray and Berzelius, and experiments show that in this case these views are correct. The alkaline action of this water is due to the solution of the carbonate of magnesia in carbonic acid (Murray's fluid magnesia), and the peculiar substance distinctive of this water seems to be dissolved in this solution. I. When separated from a solution by evaporation, or by drying from a gelatinous state, it forms greasy films, which do not darken solutions of lead or copper. We think that a candid review of the analysis of the Red Sulphur and of our remarks on its action, founded on a long observation and experience, will lead every unbiassed mind to conclude that the claims of this water as a curative agent are well founded; but we do not mean to rest our case here; we can prove beyond a doubt that this water exerts an influence over the circulation that no other agent has been known to exert. The evidences which we have received of this fact in the course of our nine years of ownership, would fill a large volume; but we will content ourselves with publishing a few recent cases in addition to those given by the late Dr. Huntt in his pamphlet on this Spring. Few persons were better qualified than that lamented physician to make observations on a mineral water. His perception was clear, his observation acute, his discrimination accurate, his judgment sound, and his integrity 19 incorruptible; and after witnessing with his own eyes the effects of this water, and reflecting well and long on what he was about to assert, he pays it the following compliment: On my way to this place, at a public house where we stopped to dine, I picked up a newspaper, the Western Whig, dated 14th August (last month), in which I find there had been a committee formed to take into consideration a report prevailing prejudicial to the curative qualities of the Mineral Waters at the Red Sulphur Springs, &c., &c., which report was proven to be false by said committee, as well as by a number of certificates signed by gentlemen of high reputation and intelligence. I have purposely delayed advising you of the state of my health since my return to this city. The change which came over me while under the operation of the Red Sulphur water was so sudden, and so great, that I confess I doubted whether the good effects would be permanent. It is now upwards of two months since I left the Red Sulphur Spring, and I am happy to be able to assure you that my health is even better than when I left you. My cough and expectoration, 21 which was confined almost entirely to the morning when I returned to this city, has now pretty much subsided, and my lungs are evidently stronger than they were then. I have, moreover, gained some two or three pounds in weight since I returned. Having been a sufferer for more than three years, from organic disease of the heart, connected with bronchitis, pronounced so by eminent physicians of S. Carolina, I had the good fortune to visit your Spring, and using the water freely for nearly two weeks, with a decidedly good effect upon my obstinate disease, I feel it a duty I owe to the public, and to other sufferers like myself, to say, that I find it to possess none of the irritating quality that some persons suppose. So highly have I been pleased with the medicinal qualities of the water of your Spring, that I beg you will send me a barrel of it containing 30 or 35 gallons. The undersigned, visiters at the Salt Sulphur Springs, prompted by a sense of grateful respect for your kind and unwearied attentions to ourselves and families, beg leave to convey to you our assurance of entire satisfaction with the arrangements of your establishment. Such have been the cordial hospitalities and ample and varied accommodations of your house, that we shall ever look back to our temporary residence with you with pleasure and delight. Having been greatly benefitted by drinking the waters of your valuable Spring, I deem it a duty to my fellow-beings to leave this statement of my case in your hands.—For six months previous to my coming here, I had been suffering with a most obstinate constipation of the bowels, which I had tried in vain to remove by medicine, diet, and exercise; and during that time I could not obtain a stool without the aid of an injection, and great pain attending it. After being here ten days, the Salt Sulphur water began to act freely on my bowels, and now, at the expiration of a month, I am glad to inform you that the constipation is entirely removed, my health and strength restored, and I am now going home in cheerful spirits to my friends. Mrs. — left her house in a state of great debility, scarcely able to walk, and was but little recruited by the journey. She reached the Salt Sulphur on the 20th July having stopped a week at the White Sulphur on the way but without using the water. After remaining three days at the Salt Sulphur, and partaking of the waters there she proceeded to the Red Sulphur, and staid there six days returning on the 29th July to the Salt, having, while at the Red, used two or three tumblers of the water per diem; remained at the Salt Sulphur until the 9th of August. When Mrs. — arrived first at the Salt Sulphur, she weighed 91 pounds, and was unable to walk any distance, or use any degree of exercise, without suffering greatly. Some years since I was afflicted with an obstinate and dangerous disease, from which I was unable to obtain relief until I visited the Salt Sulphur Spring, near Union, in the county of Monroe. The use of that water restored me to perfect health; which makes it my duty to state, at the request of the proprietors, the high opinion I have formed of its medicinal efficacy. I consider the Salt Sulphur water eminently useful in all cases that require cathartic remedies, particularly such diseases of the liver and stomach as proceed from biliary obstructions. The operation upon the bowels is active, but not violent; cleansing effectually the alimentary canal, and promoting digestion in a remarkable degree. The cathartic tendency of the water is so mild and certain, that the stomach and bowels are never oppressed or irritated; and whilst the healthy functions of the system are enabled to take their course, the suspended causes of disease are gradually worn away. In the year 1812 I visited the Sweet and Sulphur Springs. I was then laboring under a nervous debility and extreme costiveness. I derived much benefit from the use of all those waters, but found none so strong and active as the Salt Sulphur. I concur in the opinion with many, that this is a valuable water, and should be more sought after. Intending to leave your excellent and perfectly arranged establishment to-morrow on my return home, I cannot, however, do so without expressing my thanks to you for your politeness and attention to myself, (and I observed the same attention to others,) during my stay at the Salt Sulphur; and I have much pleasure in saying, that the use of the Salt Sulphur Spring water has been eminently beneficial to me, for, prior to my coming here, I had been suffering for upwards of eighteen months from a total derangement of stomach from a long residence in a warm climate (Bermuda), say, bad bile, great acidity of stomach, and an overflow of mucus to the lungs; in short, I had the dyspepsia with all its disagreeables, accompanied with debility of body. Having tried the White Sulphur for ten days without benefit, I came here, and in a week I found relief from all my complaints; but my medical adviser, who practised at the White, recommended me to try the Red Sulphur, notwithstanding my having written to him of my improved state,—my pulse, for one thing, being reduced from 80 to 73 beats. I went to the Red, and staid there eight days;* *We have a distinct recollection of this gentleman's case. He had been laboring under chronic irritation of the stomach, which, by too free use of the Sulphur waters, and perhaps imprudence in diet, was converted into an acute form, about the time he reached the Red Sulphur. Dr. Saunders, then resident physician at the Red, instituted a vigorous treatment, which in a few days subdued the attack, and the patient's system was now in a condition to receive all the benefit which he subsequently derived from the Salt Sulphur. my pulse rose on the third day to 82, the fifth day 89, the sixth day to 96 and 100. I was obliged to be leeched, which reduced my pulse to 84. I had three headaches and great dryness of tongue; so on the 9th day in the morning, I returned to the Salt, where, on the fourth day, my pulse was again at 73, on the sixth day at 71, and has continued from that day to this, varying only from 71 to 72, night and morning. I have been affected for five or six years with an obstinate disease of the liver, and dyspepsia, and have visited nearly all the Springs in the mountains without having experienced any material benefit, until I came to this place. I have applied to some of the best physicians without being relieved, but am happy to state, that the Salt Sulphur water has had a most beneficial effect in removing many of the inconveniences attending my disease, insomuch that I am induced to carry a portion of it home with me. During the summer of 1845 I was induced to try the Iodine Spring, at the Salt Sulphur Springs, in Monroe, for an obstinate and (as I then supposed) incurable eruption on the skin of one of my children. The disease first appeared, at the age of three weeks, in the shape of small red spots upon the cheeks, succeeded very soon by little watery pimples, which rose and broke continually, but without healing. In a short time the affected parts increased in size as well as quantity, until they extended from the face to the head and neck, and thence over the entire body—presenting one uniform and consolidated appearance of disease over the whole surface. The neck, head, and face discharged matter from the scabs, and the legs from the knee down. For fourteen months I kept the child constantly under medical treatment, but without any permanent benefit, or any prospect of recovery, until, at the instance of Dr. M.—(who at that time was residing at the Salt,) I was induced to make a trial of its waters. He represented the disease as a constitutional affection of the blood which could not be relieved, and which ought not to be arrested very suddenly, but assured me, very confidently, that it would yield to nothing with so much certainty and success as to the external application of the Iodine water at the Salt. The child was bathed twice a day in the water made gently tepid, of which it drank pretty copiously during the ceremony. About the fourth day there was an evident change for the better, and the child from that time continued to improve daily, until at the expiration of six weeks, the sores had healed, the scabs had disappeared, the pimples and splotches had subsided, and the skin for the first time for more than fourteen months assumed a natural and healthy appearance. I have no doubt by remaining a few weeks longer every vestige of the eruption would have been removed. But I consider the disease at this time as effectually conquered, and as having changed its type completely. Indeed, the only indications ever visible are an occasional roughness on the skin. As we used no medicine, except occasionally some mild cathartic, I feel no hesitation in ascribing all the results that I have stated to the effects of the Iodine water.
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210Author:  Léry Jean de 1534-1611Add
 Title:  Histoire d'vn voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique.  
 Published:  2007 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
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211Author:  Sawyer Lemuel 1777-1852Add
 Title:  A biography of John Randolph, of Roanoke  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: On the 10th of January, 1800, Mr. Randolph made his maiden speech on Mr. Nicholas's resolution for reducing the army. In the course of his remarks, he applied the term "raggamuffins" to the soldiery in general. On the following night, while he was seated in a front row of a box at the Chestnut street theatre, in company with some friends, members of the House, two officers of the army or navy, in an adjoining box, just before the curtain rose, began to vociferate to the orchestra, "Play up, you d—d raggamuffins," and repeated it at intervals during the performance. The friends of Mr. Randolph, apprehending some mischief or personal insult, sat closely on each side of him, and put him on his guard. At the conclusion of the piece as they arose to depart, Mr. R. felt some one seize him by the hair of the head from behind and give him a violent pull, that nearly brought him down on his seat. Turning suddenly around, he found the two officers standing close by, when he asked, "Which of these two d—d rascals did that?" No answer was returned, and his friends, taking him between them, retired to their respective lodgings without further molestation. The next day Mr. Randolph wrote a letter to the President, in which he complained of this treatment by two officers of the army or navy (he did not know which), with evident intention to provoke him to a course of conduct which might, in some sort, justify the hostile designs they entertained towards him, from the execution of which they were only deterred by the presence of several of his friends. He stated that he was acquainted with the name of one of these young men, who appeared to have so false an estimate of true dignity of character, who seemed to have mistaken brutality for spirit, and an armed combination against the person of an individual for an indication of courage. He was called McKnight, rank unknown. Mr. Christie, a member of the House, appeared to know him; and that gentleman, with Capt. Campbell Smith, who, as he understood, endeavored to deter those rash young men from their scheme, and whose conduct would evince, if, indeed, there were any need of proof, that the character of the man and the citizen is not incompatible with the soldier, can give an account of the various instances of misconduct which were exhibited by the parties. As the enclosed letter from a member of your body, received by me on the night of Saturday, the 11th instant, relates to the privileges of the House, which in my opinion ought to be inquired into by the House itself, if anywhere, I have thought proper to submit the whole letter and its tendencies to your consideration, without any other comments on its matter and style. But as no gross impropriety of conduct on the part of officers holding commissions in the army or navy of the United States, ought to pass without due animadversions, I have directed the Secretary of War and the Secretary of the Navy to investigate the conduct complained of, and report to me without delay such a statement of facts as will enable me to decide on the course which duty and justice shall appear to prescribe. Your note handed to me last night by Mr. Goode, in which you say, `understanding that the friends of the administration and others will support you for the Senate in opposition to Mr. Randolph, you desire to understand distinctly whether they have my consent, or not; and if not, request me to say whether I will not abandon the chair of state at this time, to accept a seat in the Senate,' deserves and shall have a candid reply. Let me premise that I am unacquainted with the political preferences of those disposed to sustain me for the Senate. Suffice it to say, that my political opinions on the fundamental principles of the government are the same with those espoused by Mr. Randolph, and I admire him most highly for his undeviating attachment to the constitution, manifested at all times, and through all the events of a long political life; and if any man votes for me under a different persuasion, he most grievously deceives himself. Yon ask me whether I have yielded my consent to oppose him. On the contrary, I have constantly opposed myself to all solicitations. I desire most earnestly to be left at peace. There is no motive which could induce me to seek to change my present situation for a seat in the Senate at this time. I cannot admit that to be one in a body of forty-eight members is to occupy a more elevated station than that presented in the chief magistracy of Virginia. My private interests, intimately connected with the good of my family, are more highly sustained by remaining where I am, than by the talked-of change. There is then no consideration, public or private, which could lead me to desire it. From the first to the last, everywhere and to all with whom I have conversed, this has been my uniform language. Your last inquiry is one, which, urged by those who felt disposed to sustain me, I have constantly declined answering. Propriety and a due regard to consistency of deportment require me to decline an answer now. Should the office, in opposition to my wishes (a result which I cannot anticipate), be conferred upon me, I shall then give to the expression of the legislative will such reflection and pronounce such decision as my sense of what is due to it may seem to require. These explanations might have been had by each and all of you, gentlemen, verbally if you had sought to have attained them in that way, which might possibly have discovered a greater degree of confidence in me. But as they are now given, you are at liberty to use them in any mode you please, reserving to myself a similar privilege. We take great pleasure in complying with the wishes of a number of the members of the Legislature and citizens of Richmond, to ask the favor of your company to a dinner at the Eagle Hotel, to-morrow, at 5 o'clock, as the best mode they can adopt to evince the high sense they entertain of your distinguished public services, and firmness in maintaining the principles of the Constitution, and resisting the mischievous measures of an infatuated administration. The feebleness of my health admonishes me of the imprudence I commit in accepting your very kind and flattering invitation, but I am unable to practise the self-denial which prudence would impose. I have only to offer my profound acknowledgments for an honor to which I am sensible of no claim on my part except the singleness of purpose with which I have endeavored to uphold our common principles, never more insidiously and vigorously assailed than now, and never more resolutely defended and asserted. Your very kind and flattering invitation found me confined by a painful and distressing disease, which only leaves me power to express my sense of the honor done me, and my regret at being unable to partake of the hospitality and festivity of my Prince Edward friends, to whom I am bound by every tie that can unite me to the kindest and most indulgent constituents that ever man had. "In the name of God—amen. I, John Randolph, of Roanoke, in the county of Charlotte, do ordain this writing, written with my own hand, this 4th of May, 1819, to be my last will and testament, hereby revoking all others whatever. I give my slaves their freedom, to which my conscience tells me they are justly entitled. It has a long time been a matter of the deepest regret to me, that the circumstances under which I inherited them, and the obstacles thrown in the way by the laws of the land, have prevented my manumitting them in my lifetime, which is my full intention to do, in case I can accomplish it. All the residue of my estate (with the exceptions herein made), whether real or personal, I bequeath to William Leigh, Esquire, of Halifax, attorney at law, to the Rev. William Meade, of Frederick, and to Francis S. Key, Esquire, of Georgetown, in trust for the following uses and purposes, viz. 1. To provide one or more tracts of land, in any of the States or Territories, not exceeding in the whole, four thousand acres, nor less than two thousand, to be partitioned and apportioned by them in such manner as may seem best, among said slaves. 2d. To pay the expense of their removal and of furnishing them with the necessary cabins, clothes and utensils. 3d. To pay the expense, not to exceed four hundred dollars per annum, of the education of John Randolph Clay, until he shall arrive at the age of twenty-three, leaving him my injunction to scorn to eat the bread of idleness or dependence. 4th. To pay to Theodoric Bland Dudley ten thousand dollars. 5th. With the residue of said estate to found a college, to be called Roanoke College. I give to Theodore B. Dudley all my books, plate, household and kitchen furniture, and all my liquors; also my guns and pistols, and the choice of six of my horses or brood mares, and my single chaise, with my best riding saddle and valise. It is my wish and desire that my executors give no bond or security for the trust reposed in them. In witness whereof, &c., &c. * * * * "I hope you have not exposed yourselves to the inconvenience of any debt, however small; but I know this is an error into which youthful heedlessness is too apt to run. If you have escaped it, you have exercised more judgment than I possessed at your age, the want of which cost me many a heart-ache. When any bauble caught my fancy, I would perhaps buy it on credit for twice as much as it was worth. In a day or two, cloyed with the possession of what, to my youthful imagination, had appeared so very desirable, I would readily have given it to the first I met; but, in disearding it, I could not exonerate myself from the debt that accrued, the recollection of which incessantly tormented me. Many a night's sleep has been broken by sad reflection on the difficulty into which I had plunged myself, and in devising means of extrication. At the appearance of my creditor I shrunk, and looked, no doubt, as meanly as I felt; for the relation of debtor and creditor is that of a slave to his master. It begins with the subjugation of his mind, and ends with that of his body. Speaking of a promiser (and every creditor is a promisemaker, and too often a promise-breaker), you cannot be too much upon your guard against them, unless you are sure the performance is in your power, and at the same time will conduce to your honor and benefit, or those of another. * * * * The courage which enables us to say no to an improper application, cannot be too soon acquired. The want of it has utterly rumed many an amiable man. Do not, through false shame, through a vicious modesty, entrap yourself into a situation which may dye your cheeks with real shame. As to the promiser, he is like the keeper who puts his head into the lion's mouth to amuse the spectators. This he did frequently and got it safely out, till at last the lion, in a fit of ill-humor, bit it off. Your word ought to be dearer to you than your head. Beware how you put it into the lion's mouth. * * * A liar is always a coward." "One of the best and wisest men I ever saw, has often said to me, that a decayed family could never recover its loss of rank in the world, until it left off talking and dwelling upon its former rank and opulence in the world. I have seen this verified in numerous instances in my own connexions, who, to use the words of my oracle, will never thrive till they become poor folks. He added, `they may make some struggles, and with apparent success, to recover lost ground, they may get half way up again, but are sure to fall back, unless, reconciling themselves to their circumstances, they become poor in form, as well as in fact.' The blind pursuit of wealth for the sake of hoarding, is a species of insanity. There are spirits, and not the less worthy, who, content with an humble mediocrity, leave the field of wealth and ambition open to more active, perhaps more guilty competitors. Nothing can be more respectable than the independence that grows out of self-denial. The man who, by abridging his wants, can find time to cultivate his mind, or to aid his fellow-creatures, is a being far above the plodding sons of industry and gain. His is a spirit of the noblest order. But what shall we say to the drone whom society is eager to shake from her encumbered lap—who lounges from place to place, and spends more time in Adonising his person, even in a morning, than would serve to earn his breakfast—who is curious in his living, a connoisseur in wines, fastidious in his cooking, but who never knew the luxury of earning a meal? Such a creature, sponging from house to house and always on the borrow, may still be seen in Virginia. One more generation may put an end to them." * * "I have been up since half-past one. Yesterday I dined by accident at the Union in Georgetown with Mr. K. (Key), and though I had toast and water, I missed my milk. I drank, too, at the earnest recommendation of some of the party, some old port wine, which has done me no good. My dinner was the lean of a very fine haunch of venison, without any gravy, and a little rice. Since it began to rain I have felt as restless as a leech in a weather-glass, and so I sit down to write to you. On Saturday I had a narrow escape from a most painful death. Wildair dashed off with me on the avenue, alarmed at a tattered wagon-cover, shivering in the wind, and would have dashed us both to pieces against a poplar, but when she was running full-bent against it, and not a length off, by a violent exertion of the left heel and right hand, I bore her off. There was not the thickness of half a quire of paper on which I am writing, between my body and the tree. Had I worn a great-coat, or cloth boots, I must have touched, perhaps been dragged off by them. * * * * In the course of my life, I have encountered some risks, but nothing like this. My heart was in my mouth for a moment, and I felt the strongest convictions of my utter demerit in the sight of God, and it gushed out in thankfulness for His signal and providential preservation. `What,' thought I, `had been my condition had I then died? As the tree falleth, so it must lie.' I had been but a short time before saying to a man who tried to cheat me, some very hard and bitter things. It was a poor auctioneer, who had books on private sale. He attempted to impose upon me in respect to some classical books of which he was entirely ignorant, and I exposed his ignorance to people in the shop, many of whom were members of Congress, and no better informed than him. The danger I escaped was no injury to the speech which I made, out of breath, on finding, when I reached the House, that there was a call for the previous question. So true it is, that of all motives religious feeling is the most powerful. I am reading for the second time an admirable novel called `Marriage.' It is recommended by Scott in his `Legend of Montrose.' I wish you would read it. Perhaps it might serve to palliate some of your romantic notions (for I despair of a cure) on the subject of love and marriage. A man that marries a woman he does not esteem and treat kindly, is a villain. But marriage was made for man, and if the woman be good-tempered, healthy (a qualification scarcely thought of now-a-days), chaste, cleanly, economical, and not an absolute fool, she will make him a better wife than nine out of ten deserve to have. To be sure, if to these beauty and understanding be added, all the better. Neither would I quarrel with a good fortune, if it has produced no ill effect upon the possessor." "As I have recommended Marriage to you (the book I mean), this digression on genealogy* *He gave his own genealogy. may remind you of Misses Jockey, the agreeable sisters. You entirely misapprehend my mode of life. I am very rarely out of bed after 9 o'clock, and when I exceed that hour, it is not at evening parties. Last night I was seduced by a book to go beyond that hour a little. * * * The other day I dined at the French minister's. It was Saturday, Madame De N.'s (De Neuville's) night. At half past 7 we joined the evening visitors, and at half past 8 I was snug in bed. To be sure I was politely reproached, as I was going away, by the Count De Menou (Secretary of Legation), and since by his principal, for going away so early; but my plea of weak health satisfied their jealousy. This is felt, and shown too, by all here in the highest ranks of fashion. Madame is charity itself. The poor will miss her when she goes away. One of her sayings deserves to be written in letters of gold: `When the rich are sick, they ought to be starved; when the poor are sick, they ought to be fed.' This is no bad medical precept. Just as I mounted my horse on Monday morning at Washington, your truly welcome and friendly letter was put into my hands. I arrived here this evening a little before sunset, after a ride on horseback of thirty-five miles. Pretty well, you'll say, for a man whose lungs are bleeding, and with a church-yard cough, which gives so much pleasure to some of your New York editors of newspapers. But to me, a horse is what a ship is to you. I am never so easy as when in the saddle. Nevertheless, if a gentleman (we are all gentlemen now-a-days) who received upwards of 300 pounds sterling for me, merely to hand it over, had not embezzled it by applying it to his own use, I should be a passenger with you on the 8th. I tried to raise money by the sale of some property, that only twelve months ago I was teased to part with, lots and houses in Farmsville, seventy miles above Petersburgh on the Appomatox, but could not last week get a bid for it. I have known land (part good wood land) sell for one dollar an acre, that ten years ago would have commanded ten dollars, and last year five or six. Four fine negroes sold for three hundred and fifty dollars, and so in proportion. But I must quit this wretched subject. My pay as member of Congress is worth more than my best and most productive property, for which a few years ago I could have got $80,000, exclusive of slaves and stock. I gave a few years ago $27,000 for one estate, without a house or a fence on it. After putting it in fine order, I found that so far from making one per cent., or one half or one quarter of one per cent., it does not clear expenses by about $750 per annum, over and above all the crops. Yet I am to be taxed for the benefit of wool-spinners, &c., to destroy the whole navigating interest of the United States; and we find representatives from New Bedford, Cape Anne, Marblehead, and Salem and Newburyport, voting for this, if they can throw the molasses overboard to lighten the ship tariff. She is a pirate under a black flag.
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212Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  The Riverside Chaucer  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
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213Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  Dictionary of the History of Ideas  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: The term “abstraction” is the usual expression in medi- eval philosophical terminology for several processes distinguished in Aristotle's writings by different terms, viz., aphairesis (ἄφαιρεσις) and korismos (χωρισμός) described in different ways. In all probability, it was Boethius who introduced the Latin abstractio and abstrahere to translate these Greek nouns and the re- lated verbs.
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214Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  Dictionary of the History of Ideas  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
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215Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  Dictionary of the History of Ideas  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: The concept of despotism is perhaps the least known of that family which includes tyranny, autocracy, absolutism, dictatorship (in its modern usage), and totalitarianism. Although nearly contemporary with “tyranny,” the concept of despotism has not been as significant in the history of political thought. Never- theless at some times, and in the work of some of the greatest political philosophers, the concept of des- potism has been sharply distinguished from other members of its family, and has attained an unusual prominence, as when Montesquieu made it into one of the three fundamental types of government. It was in the eighteenth century, and particularly in France, that despotism supplanted tyranny as the term most often used to characterize a system of total domination, as distinguished from the exceptional abuse of power by a ruler. The temporary success of the term led to its conflation with tyranny, as in the Declaration of Independence where in successive sentences, “absolute Despotism” and “absolute Tyranny” are used as syno- nyms. In 1835 Tocqueville expressed the opinion that after the French Revolution, modern politics and soci- ety had taken on a character that rendered both con- cepts inadequate. Today their usage suggests archaism: controversies over twentieth-century forms of total domination have centered on the concepts of dictator- ship and totalitarianism.
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216Author:  unknownAdd
 Title:  Dictionary of the History of Ideas  
 Published:  2008 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: Psychology is a modern term, but its components, psyche and logos, are words whose history goes back to the Indo-European parent language. For the philos- ophers of classical antiquity, giving an “account” (logos) of the psyche was a necessary part of intellectual inquiry. Greek philosophy was vitally concerned with many of the problems which exercise modern psychologists, but did not regard “study of the mind” as an autonomous subject with specific terms of refer- ence. Frequently theories about the psyche were intimately connected with ethical, physical, and meta- physical assumptions.
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217Author:  Millay, Edna St. VincentAdd
 Title:  Second April  
 Published:  1998 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
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218Author:  Mill, John StuartAdd
 Title:  The Subjection of Women / by John Stuart Mill  
 Published:  2001 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: The object of this Essay is to explain as clearly as I am able grounds of an opinion which I have held from the very earliest period when I had formed any opinions at all on social political matters, and which, instead of being weakened or modified, has been constantly growing stronger by the progress reflection and the experience of life. That the principle which regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes -- the legal subordination of one sex to the other -- is wrong itself, and now one of the chief hindrances to human improvement; and that it ought to be replaced by a principle of perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege on the one side, nor disability on the other.
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219Author:  University of Virginia Board of VisitorsAdd
 Title:  Board of Visitors minutes  
 Published:  2001 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: An orientation session for new Board Members was held on Thursday, April 5, 2001, in the Lower West Oval Room of the Rotunda. New Members Thomas F. Farrell, II and Thomas A. Saunders, III, attended, as well as Ms. Sasha L. Wilson, the new Student Member. The Rector, John P. Ackerly, III, presided. The President, John T. Casteen, III; Leonard W. Sandridge, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer; Peter W. Low, Vice President and Provost; Robert W. Cantrell, M.D., Vice President for Health System; Paul J. Forch, General Counsel; and Alexander G. Gilliam, Jr., Secretary to the Board, participated.
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220Author:  University of Virginia Board of VisitorsAdd
 Title:  Board of Visitors minutes  
 Published:  2002 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: An orientation session for the new Members of the Board was held, in Open Session, from 2:45 to 4:05 p.m. on Thursday, May 30, 2002, in the Lower West Oval Room of the Rotunda. All five new Members were present: Mark J. Kington, Don R. Pippin, Warren M. Thompson, E. Darracott Vaughan, Jr., M.D., and H. Timothy Lovelace, Jr., the Student Member. The Rector, John P. Ackerly, III, and the President, John T. Casteen, III, presided; Leonard W. Sandridge, Gene D. Block, Paul J. Forch and Alexander G. Gilliam, Jr. participated.
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