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1Author:  Dawes, Henry L.Add
 Title:  "The Indian Territory."  
 Published:  1995 
 Subjects:  University of Virginia Library, Text collection | UVA-LIB-Text 
 Description: IN order to understand the purpose for which the Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes was created, and the present condition of their work, it will be necessary to refresh our memories as to the conditions which caused its appointment. So much of the past of these tribes as is essential for this purpose is briefly this. These tribes are the Cherokees, the Choctaws, the Chickasaws, the Creeks, and the Seminoles, numbering about 64,000 at the last census. Seventy years ago they were living on their own lands in Georgia, North Carolina and Mississippi, and to induce them to surrender these lands to the white men of the States where they were situated, the United States gave them in exchange the Indian Territory. In the treaties made with them we conveyed the title to the lands directly to the tribes for the use of the people of the tribes to hold as long as they maintained their tribal organizations and occupied them. This stipulation prevented their parting with them without the consent of the United States. We stipulated in these treaties that they should have the right to establish their own governments without our interference, such governments as they pleased, not in conflict with the constitution of the United States. We also covenanted with them that we would keep all the white people out of their territory. Having thus set them up for themselves in a territory far west of any of the States, beyond all further trouble, as it was thought, we left them to do as they pleased for forty years.
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